“…This approach is being used in fields such as aviculture (Lopes et al 2008), applied geography (Spellman 1999), thermal sciences and engineering (Yang 2008), hydrology (Kurtulus and Razack 2010), the study of thermal comfort in cattle (Brown-Brandl, Jones, and Woldt 2005), and growth performance in swine (Bridges et al 1995) and in humans (Moustris et al 2010). ANNs have been used in predicting leather handle (Wang et al 2011), discriminating varieties of tea plant (Li and He 2008), classifying genera and identifying species in mosquitoes (Venkateswarlu, Kiran, and Eswari 2012), estimating leaf chlorophyll concentration in rice under stress from heavy metals (Liu et al 2010), modeling total volume of dominant pine trees in reforestations (Diamantopoulou and Milios 2010), predicting the draught requirement of tillage implements in sandy clay loam soil (Roul et al 2009), predicting nitrate release from polymer-coated fertilizers (Du et al 2008), and analyzing thermodynamic properties of refrigerants (Şahin, Köse, and Selbaş 2012).…”