Predictive Value of Carcinoembryonic and Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 Related to Some Clinical, Endoscopic and Histological Colorectal Cancer Characteristics

Abstract

SummaryBackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is an important oncological and public health problem worldwide, including Serbia. Unfortunately, half of the patients are recognized in an advanced stage of the disease, therefore, early detection through specific tumor biomarkers, such as carcinoembryonic (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), is the only way to cope with CRC expansion.MethodsOur cross-sectional study evaluated the influence of some clinical, endoscopic and histological characteristics of CRC on CEA and CA 19-9 serum levels, to determine whether these biomarkers could be related to CRC detection. The study included 372 participants: 181 suffered from CRC and 191 participants were controls. Endoscopic and histological examinations were used for CRC diagnosis, while additional ultrasound and abdominal computerised tomography imaging were used for staging the disease. Measurement of CEA and CA 19-9 was performed after CRC confirmation.ResultsAge, gender, tumor localization, macro-morphological and histological characteristics did not influence biomarkers serum levels. Both were significantly higher (p<0.01) in patients with Dukes D stage of CRC compared with controls. Sensitivity (76.8%) and specificity (76.6%) of CEA alone were higher than for CA 19-9, but with no statistical significance. Furthermore, sensitivity of CEA alone in the Dukes A/B group was similar to the entire CRC patient group.ConclusionsAlthough not recommended as a screening method for the general population, elevated values of each biomarker indicate further diagnostic procedures and their simultaneous testing can improve the diagnostic sensitivity in early detection of CRC, as shown by the united analysis (AUC 0.842).

Assessment of Serum Levels of the Adipocytokine Chemerin in Colorectal Cancer Patients

“…The C-reactive protein predicts reduced survival in gastrointestinal cancer patients and is a well-recognized marker of inflammation (31). Increased CRP concentration has been shown to be a strong independent prognostic factor of CRC (32). In our study, the serum CRP level was significantly higher in CRC patients than control subjects, and it was higher with the advancing TNM classification.…”

Biomarkers Apo10 and TKTL1: Epitope-detection in monocytes (EDIM) as a new diagnostic approach for cholangiocellular, pancreatic and colorectal carcinoma

“…All rights reserved This article is published online with Open Access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (CC BY-NC 4.0). sitivity and specificity are different and not all patients have positive tumor markers available [6,7].…”

Cancer Antigen 72-4 for the Monitoring of Advanced Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Lung, Breast and Ovaries

“…Further studies showed that it was also overexpressed in adenocarcinomas of varying origin including gastric, hepatic, lung, pancreatic, ovarian and prostate (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). In colon cancer, the specificity and sensitivity of CEA has been shown to vary with advancing tumor stage, with specificity ranging between 37% and 86% in advanced disease, providing a useful means of monitoring disease (25)(26)(27). CEA may also be elevated in benign conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatitis and in smokers, limiting its utility in early-stage cancer and in patients with such conditions (28-31).…”

“…As an adjunct to direct measurement of lesions, several tumor markers including carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and cancer antigen 125 (CA125) have obtained United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for the monitoring of various gastrointestinal and gynecologic malignancies. These tumor markers along with cancer antigen [27][28][29] used in the monitoring of breast cancer are proteins shed by cancer cells and are readily measured in the laboratory using antibodies.…”