SummaryBackground Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. The tumor microenvironment is very important for determining cancer cell growth and spreading. Chemerin, a newly identified adipokine secreted by adipose tissue, is known to be associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance. The present study was carried out to investigate the association between serum levels of chemerin and colorectal cancer.MethodsThirty-two patients with colorectal cancer aged 57.6±6.5 years, and twenty age, sex and BMI matched healthy controls were included in the study. Serum che me rin levels were determined using enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay. C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were determined using a turbidimetric immunoassay. Carcino embryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA 19-9) were measured by radioimmunoassay.ResultsChemerin levels were found to be significantly higher in patients relative to the controls (P<0.001) and gradually increased with the TNM tumor stage progression. The mean CRP, CEA and CA 19-9 levels were also significantly higher in patients (P<0.001). There was a significant correlation between the serum levels of chemerin and the other measured parameters in CRC patients. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) for serum chemerin was 1 at a cut-off value ≥ 161.5 with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity.ConclusionsConclusions: The observed results suggest that chemerin may have a potential role in the pathogenesis and progression of colorectal malignancy and may be a good biomarker of colorectal cancer and stage progression.

Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men. The present study was carried out to investigate the radiation response of serum cytokines and oxidative markers to find out if these novel biomarkers have significant applications regarding radiation outcome in prostate cancer patients. Significant elevations of prostatic specific antigen (PSA), asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA) and nitric oxide (NO) were recorded in cancer prostate patients at the time of diagnosis compared to controls. Patients were subjected to radiotherapy post prostatectomy with a total dose of 66 Gy in 33 fractions (5 sessions/week) for 7 weeks. At the end of the seventh week post radiotherapy, ADMA levels were accentuated while the levels of PSA and NO were lower than before therapy. The level of inflammatory cytokines (interleukins IL-4, IL-5 and interferon-gamma) in post radiation therapy patients were significantly elevated compared to both controls and prostate cancer patients. A significant inverse correlation was observed in prostate cancer patients between ADMA and NO. Moreover, a significant inverse correlation in post radiation therapy patients was observed between IL-5 and PSA. These results are highly suggestive that there is a specific cytokine response in patients undergoing curative radiotherapy for prostate cancer.

Background: CXC chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) is an inflammatory chemokine that mediates renal infiltration of macrophages and activated T cells. Aim: To investigate serum levels of CXCL16 in patients undergoing hemodialysis and their correlation with other inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH). Methods: The study included 40 hemodialysis patients (22 males) and 40 age and gender-matched controls (24 males). Fasting blood sugar (FBS), urea, creatinine, calcium and inorganic phosphorous were assayed in participants using routine methods, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) by quantitative chromatographic spectrophoto metry, iPTH by chemiluminescent microparticle immuno assay, CRP by nephelometry and CXCL16 by ELISA technique. Results: Serum CXCL16, CRP, PTH, FBS, HbA1c, phosphorus, urea, and creatinine levels were significantly higher in hemodialysis patients compared to controls (p<0.00001). No statistically significant differences were observed between patients and controls for calcium. Serum CXCL16 levels correlated positively with CRP (r=0.956, p<0.00001) and iPTH (r=-0.403, p<0.001). Hemodialysis patients (diabetics or hypertensives) had significantly higher CXCL16 levels compared to non-diabetics or non-hypertensives. Kratak sadr`ajUvod: CXC hemokin ligand 16 (CXCL16) je infalamatorni hemokin koji posreduje u bubre`noj infiltraciji makrofaga i aktivira T }elije. Cilj: Svrha ovog rada je bila da se ispitaju nivoi serumskog CXCL16 u pacijenata koji su bili na hemodijalizi i njihova korelacija sa drugim inflamatornim markerima kao {to su Creaktivni protein (CRP) i intaktni paratireoidni hormon (iPTH). Metode: Izu~avanje je obuhvatilo 40 pacijenata na hemodijalizi (22 mu{karca) i kontrolnu grupu starosti 40 godina (24 mu{karca). Glukoza na ta{te (FBS), ureja, kreatinin, kalcijum i neorganski fosfat su kod ispitanika odre|ivani rutinskim metodama, glikozilirani hemoglobin (HbA1c) primenom kvantitativne hromatografske spektrometrije, iPTH hemiluminiscentnim imunoodre|ivanjem, CRP nefelometrijski i CXCL16 primenom ELISA tehnike. Rezultati: Nivoi CXCL16, CRP, iPTH, FBS, ureje i kreatinina su bili zna~ajno vi{i kod pacijenata na hemodijalizi u pore -|enju sa kontrolnom grupom (p < 0,00001). Nisu na|ene statisti~ki zna~ajne razlike izme|u pacijenata i kontrolne grupe za vrednosti kalcijuma, fosfora i HbA1c. Nivoi CXC16 bili su u pozitivnoj korelaciji sa vrednostima CRP (r = 0,956, p < 0,00001) i iPTH (r = -0,403, p < 0,001). Pacijenti na hemodijalizi (dijabeti~ari ili hipertenzivni) imali su zna~ajno vi{e nivoe u pore|enju sa ne-dijabeti~arima ili sa pacijentima koji nisu bili hipertenzivni.

Background: CXC chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) is an inflammatory chemokine that mediates renal infiltration of macrophages and activated T cells.Aim: To investigate serum levels of CXCL16 in patients undergoing hemodialysis and their correlation with other inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH).Methods: The study included 40 hemodialysis patients (22 males) and 40 age and gender-matched controls (24 males). Fasting blood sugar (FBS), urea, creatinine, calcium and inorganic phosphorous were assayed in participants using routine methods, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) by quantitative chromatographic spectrophoto metry, iPTH by chemiluminescent microparticle immuno assay, CRP by nephelometry and CXCL16 by ELISA technique.Results: Serum CXCL16, CRP, PTH, FBS, urea, and creatinine levels were significantly higher in hemodialysis patients compared to controls (p<0.00001). No statistically significant differences were observed between patients and controls for calcium, phosphorous, and HbA1c. SerumCXCL16 levels correlated positively with CRP (r=0.956, p<0.00001) and iPTH (r=-0.403, p<0.001). Hemodialysis patients (diabetics or hypertensives) had significantly higher CXCL16 levels compared to non-diabetics or nonhypertensives. Conclusions: High levels of serum CXCL16, CRP and iPTH reflect the inflammatory status of hemodialysis patients and help avoid complications. Serum CXCL16 could be used as a biomarker together with CRP in these patients.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an international health concern. The C-X-C chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) functions as a scavenging cell surface receptor. Vitamin D3 has vital effects on inflammation and insulin homeostasis. Purpose: To investigate the significance of serum CXCL 16 and vitamin D3 in T2DM patients to understand disease pathophysiology. Materials and Methods: The current work was performed as a cross-sectional study.The study included 60 participants, 30 patients with T2DM attending the national institute of diabetes clinics and 30 age and sex-matched healthy controls. Participants underwent the following: Serum CXCL16 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), vitaminD3 by radioimmuno assay(RIA), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar(FBS), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), liver and kidney functions. Results and discussion: Serum CXCL16 levels were significantly higher and serum vitamin D3 levels were significantly lower in T2DM patients compared to controls (p < 0.00001). Serum CXCL16 levels correlated negatively with vitamin D3 levels (r = -0.837 and p = 0.00001) while a negative correlation was recognized between vitaminD3 levels and HbA1c % in patients (r = −0.609 and p = 0.00035). Conclusion: Serum CXCL16, vitamin D3 and HbA1 c may be important parameters in monitoring T2DM and predicting complications.