Predictive Value of Traditional Measures of Executive Function on Broad Abilities of the Cattell–Horn–Carroll Theory of Cognitive Abilities

Aken, Loes van; Heijden, P.T. van der; Oomens, Wouter; Kessels, Roy P. C.; Egger, J.I.M.

doi:10.1177/1073191117731814

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…A number of authors have tried to unify intelligence and neuropsychological assessment based on the CHC model [58,[63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71]. For example, Jewsbury et al [65] showed that popular neuropsychological EF tests were subsumable under CHC broad cognitive abilities based on factor analytic methods, although particular EF tests were related to distinct CHC constructs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Meta-Analysis of Relationships between Measures of Wisconsin Card Sorting and Intelligence

et al. 2019

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The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) represents a widely utilized neuropsychological assessment technique for executive function. This meta-analysis examined the discriminant validity of the WCST for the assessment of mental shifting, considered as an essential subcomponent of executive functioning, against traditional psychometric intelligence tests. A systematic search was conducted, resulting in 72 neuropsychological samples for the meta-analysis of relationships between WCST scores and a variety of intelligence quotient (IQ) domains. The study revealed low to medium-sized correlations with IQ domains across all WCST scores that could be investigated. Verbal/crystallized IQ and performance/fluid IQ were indistinguishably associated with WCST scores. To conclude, the WCST assesses cognitive functions that might be partially separable from common conceptualizations of intelligence. More vigorous initiatives to validate putative indicators of executive function against intelligence are required.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the few exceptions to that rule were discussed above in detail. These studies had their methodological grounding in factor analytic methods [64,65,[68][69][70], in regression methods [71], or in neuropsychological patient studies [15,72].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Meta-Analysis of Relationships between Measures of Wisconsin Card Sorting and Intelligence

et al. 2019

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“…An alternative approach to describing cognitive function, based on neuropsychological theory, emphasizes the role of executive function (a higher-order process that controls and regulates basic cognitive functions). Whereas CHC theory is typically applied to the study of cognitive abilities in large nonpathological samples, executive function theory is mostly studied in clinical settings ( 2 ). The current study adopted the former CHC approach.…”

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confidence: 99%

Associations Between Declining Physical and Cognitive Functions in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936

Okely

Deary

2020

The Journals of Gerontology: Series A

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Background The ageing process is characterized by declines in physical and cognitive function. However, the relationship between these trajectories remains a topic of investigation. Methods Using four data waves collected triennially between ages 70 and 79, we tested for associations between multiple cognitive ability domains (verbal memory, processing speed, and visuospatial ability) and physical functions (walking speed, grip strength, and lung function). We first tested for associations between linear declines in physical and cognitive functions over the entire 9-year study period, and then, for lead-lag coupling effects between 3-year changes in cognitive and physical functions. Results Steeper linear decline in walking speed was moderately correlated with steeper linear declines in each cognitive domain. Steeper linear decline in grip strength was moderately correlated with steeper linear declines in verbal memory and processing speed. Lead-lag coupling models showed that decline in verbal memory was preceded by declines in walking speed and grip strength. By contrast, decline in grip strength was preceded by declines in processing speed and visuospatial ability, and decline in walking speed was preceded by decline in visuospatial ability. Following additional adjustment for covariates, only coupling effects from earlier decline in processing speed to later decline in grip strength remained significant (β = 0.545, p = .006). Conclusion Our findings provide further evidence of an association between cognitive and physical declines and point to the potential order in which these changes occur. Decline in processing speed in particular may serve as a unique early marker of declining upper body strength.

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“…Jewsbury et al (2016) argued that EFs and facets of intelligence represent different facets of general cognition. In practice, this implies that assessing one of the two constructs does not make assessing the other redundant, although the performance on one may predict the performance on the other to some extent (van Aken et al, 2019). Thus, reducing the testing burden for young test-takers by focusing on only one construct may come at the cost of insufficient construct coverage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relation between executive functions and math intelligence in preschool children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Emslander¹,

Scherer²

2022

Psychological Bulletin

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Executive functions (EFs) are key skills underlying other cognitive skills that are relevant to learning and everyday life. Although a plethora of evidence suggests a positive relation between the three EF subdimensions, inhibition, shifting, and updating, and math skills for schoolchildren and adults, the findings on the magnitude of and possible variations in this relation are inconclusive for preschool children and several narrow math skills (i.e., math intelligence). Therefore, the present meta-analysis aimed to (a) synthesize the relation between EFs and math intelligence (an aggregate of math skills) in preschool children; (b) examine which study, sample, and measurement characteristics moderate this relation; and (c) test the joint effects of EFs on math intelligence. Utilizing data extracted from 47 studies (363 effect sizes, 30,481 participants) from 2000 to 2021, we found that, overall, EFs are significantly related to math intelligence (r = .34, 95% CI [.31, .37]), as are inhibition (r = .30, 95% CI [.25, .35]), shifting (r = .32, 95% CI [.25, .38]), and updating (r = .36, 95% CI [.31, .40]). Key measurement characteristics of EFs, but neither children's age nor gender, moderated this relation. These findings suggest a positive link between EFs and math intelligence in preschool children and emphasize the importance of measurement characteristics. We further examined the joint relations between EFs and math intelligence via meta-analytic structural equation modeling. Evaluating different models and representations of EFs, we did not find support for the expectation that the three EF subdimensions are differentially related to math intelligence. Public Significance StatementExecutive functions (EFs) are key to learning, and children who score higher on EFs also show better scores in mathematics. This meta-analysis confirms that children who can better avoid (or inhibit) being distracted, shift easily between different tasks, or update the information they have just learned also score high on math intelligence tests. However, this link between EFs and math intelligence should always be interpreted in light of the measurement characteristics of EFs, as suggested by the moderator analyses. We found evidence to support the idea that the three EFs (inhibition, shifting, and updating) are equally important for math intelligence.

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Predictive Value of Traditional Measures of Executive Function on Broad Abilities of the Cattell–Horn–Carroll Theory of Cognitive Abilities

Cited by 10 publications

References 47 publications

A Meta-Analysis of Relationships between Measures of Wisconsin Card Sorting and Intelligence

A Meta-Analysis of Relationships between Measures of Wisconsin Card Sorting and Intelligence

Associations Between Declining Physical and Cognitive Functions in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936

The relation between executive functions and math intelligence in preschool children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

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