Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A as a Marker of Acute Coronary Syndromes

Abstract

PAPP-A is present in unstable plaques, and circulating levels are elevated in acute coronary syndromes; these increased levels may reflect the instability of atherosclerotic plaques. PAPP-A is a new candidate marker of unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction.

Pregnancy‐associated plasma protein‐A (PAPP‐A) expression and insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐4 protease activity in normal and malignant ovarian surface epithelial cells

“…8,9,40,41 In this role, PAPP-A cleaves IGFBP-4 and reduces its affinity for IGFs, effectively increasing local IGF bioavailability. Similar to the observation of increased PAPP-A expression in healing human skin 42 and during vascular repair, 14,15 this could be a mechanism by which PAPP-A induces the proliferation of OSE cells after ovulation and subsequent repair of the ovulation-associated wound.…”

“…12,13 In addition, PAPP-A activation is implicated in injury-repair responses in the vasculature through local increases in bioavailable IGF. 14,15 In spite of its clinical importance, the study of OSE has been limited because of the difficulty in obtaining the cells from rou-tinely handled surgical samples, the small numbers of cells retrieved and the limited lifespan of OSE cells in culture (reviewed in reference 16). To overcome technical limitations, we built upon the work of Dr. N. Auersperg whose laboratory optimized the culture of OSE and transformation by SV40LT, generating IOSE cells.…”

Pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) as an early marker for the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome

“…4 During the evaluation of unstable plaques in patients who have died suddenly of cardiac causes, an association between PAPP-A and atherosclerotic plaque was confirmed using histological evidence. Pregnancy associated plasma protein-A was originally used to determine the foetal diagnosis of Down syndrome.…”

“…[1][2][3] Pregnancy associated plasma protein-A is a zinc binding metalloproteinase which was originally identified as a circulating protein in the serum of women in advanced stages of gestation. In 2001, Bayes-Genis et al 4 described PAPP-A as a potent marker for coronary artery disease (CAD) and ACS. The demonstrated elevated levels of PAPP-A are found in unstable plaques than in stable plaques.…”

Need and Importance of Biomarkers to Predict Acute Myocardial Infarction and Its Prognosis

“…9 PaPPA levels following chest pain predict the risk of MI and revascularization. 10 PaPPA is a proatherosclerotic metalloproteinase 11 that has been isolated in other damaged tissue.…”