Preliminary evaluation of vegetal extract characteristics from spontaneous flora of Moldova area (Romania)

Abstract

Two classical methods were applied for preparation of four plant extracts, i.e. heat reflux extraction and maceration, exactly for wormwood (Artemisia absinthium), yarrow (Achillea millefolium), oregano (Origanum vulgare) and primrose (Primula veris), plants from the spontaneous flora of Moldova area (Romania). The prepared extracts were preliminarily characterized by some known physical-chemical analytical methods used to evaluate various quality indicators of plant extracts (e.g. total polyphenols and flavonoids concentrations, density, viscosity) as well as comparative analysis of their UV-Vis and FTIR spectra. These vegetal extracts are non-toxic, and may have insecticide effect on the field of agricultural culture and storage pests.

Antioxidants from Galium verum as Ingredients for the Design of New Dermatocosmetic Products

“…Extraction was made using conventional and unconventional extraction procedures in the following variants: Heat Reflux Extraction (HTE), room temperature maceration (M), Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE), using a work protocol (extraction time, salt/solvent ratio, and extraction solvent concentrations) established based on our previous studies [ 16 , 17 ] and after some preliminary tests were carried out (data not shown). In all the extraction techniques, 96% ethanol was used to prepare extraction solvent: hydro alcoholic solution with 30%, 50%, 70% v / v concentration.…”

Pesticides vs. Biopesticides: From Pest Management to Toxicity and Impacts on the Environment and Human Health

“…The obtained extracts were shown to be effective in the following order: Origanum vulgare > Artemisia absinthium > Achillea millefolium > Primula veris (the last two having similar bioinsecticidal effects). The studies also showed that Origanum vulgare extract was much more effective than Artemisia absinthium in controlling the species studied, given the mortality recorded among the insects (70%) after 168 h of contact time [115].…”

“…Tests showed that the reflux extraction method in the Soxhlet apparatus performed best, with the solid/liquid (S/L) ratio and extraction time varying according to the type of plant: wormwood ( Artemisia absinthium )—1 h and S/L ratio = 1/15; horsetail ( Achillea millefolium )—2 h and S/L ratio = 1/20; oregano ( Origanum vulgare )—2 h and S/L ratio = 1/15, and primrose ( Primula veris )—2 h and S/L ratio = 1/10. Primrose ( Primula veris ) was found to exhibit the strongest bioinsecticidal character [ 112 ].…”

“…Other bioinsecticides affect specific systems, such as molting processes, metamorphosis, and the endocrine system of insects. All bio-rational or low-risk insecticides have a relatively low damaging effect on the environment and impart little or no negative consequences on non-target organisms, making them important components of integrated pest management [18,19,[115][116][117].…”