Preliminary investigation of intolerance of uncertainty treatment for anxiety disorders

Hewitt, Sarah; Egan, Sarah J.; Rees, Clare S.

doi:10.1080/13284200802702056

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…These results are consistent with previous research supporting the effectiveness of CBGT for social phobia (McEvoy, 2007), as well as findings which demonstrate that IU reduces during cognitive behavior therapy for anxiety disorders such as GAD and OCD (Belloch et al, 2011;Goldman et al, 2007;Overton & Menzies, 2005). Our treatment outcomes also appear consistent with those reported in Hewitt et al's (2009) single-case study that found that an IU-based CBT intervention led to clinically significant reductions in IU and social phobia symptoms. The primary focus of the intervention in the Hewitt et al study was to reduce IU via cognitive and behavioral strategies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…One study to date has explored IU within the context of social phobia treatment. In a single-case design series, Hewitt, Egan, and Rees (2009) found that an IU-based intervention significantly reduced social anxiety symptoms for a man with comorbid diagnoses of social phobia, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, and dysthymia. IU also reduced following treatment, but the single-case design limits conclusions about (a) the relationship between improvements in IU and reductions in social phobia symptoms, and (b) the generalizability of these relationships.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Changes in intolerance of uncertainty during cognitive behavior group therapy for social phobia

Mahoney

McEvoy

2012

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Changes in intolerance of uncertainty during cognitive behavior group therapy for social phobia

Mahoney

McEvoy

2012

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

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“…This finding runs parallel with the previous studies of Hewitt et al (2009);Krohne (1993); Dugas et al (1997); Lee et al (2010); and Nuevo et al (2009). According to Basevitz et al (2008), elderly people had less intolerance of uncertainty and less belief in the functional value of worrying compared to younger adults.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…However, Graham (2003) and D'Hudson and Saling (2010), for their part, persisted that worry is a distinguishable construct to elderly. Hewitt, Egan, and Rees (2009) and Krohne (1993) suggested that IU may motivate a number of behaviors and cognitions such as worry. Dugas et al (1997) proposed that worry is a mental reaction to uncertainty.…”

Section: Worrymentioning

confidence: 98%

A Structural Equation Modelling on the Factors Affecting Intolerance of Uncertainty and Worry Among a Select Group of Filipino Elderly

Guzman

Lacao

Larracas

2014

Educational Gerontology

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Across the literature, the interest in the phenomenon of intolerance of uncertainty (IU) and worry has increased exponentially. However, limited empirical studies exist about the factors that affect IU and worry among older people. The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of spirituality, selfefficacy, and knowledge about aging on IU and worry. A total of 219 Filipino elderly were recruited from institutionalized and hospital care settings. A multiaspect questionnaire was utilized to measure spirituality, self-efficacy, knowledge, intolerance uncertainty, and worry. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to explore the dimensions of IU and worry. Moreover, structural equation modelling was used to test the hypothesized model. Results of EFA identified four factor dimensions of uncertainty, namely: perfection-driven uncertainty, apprehension-driven uncertainty, avoidance-driven uncertainty, negativism-driven uncertainty. Further, three factor dimensions of worry were also distinguished: constant worriers, obsessive-compulsive worriers, and happy-go-lucky worriers. Moreover, results of structural equation modeling (SEM) showed interaction among the variables presented. Additionally, spirituality showed a positive effect on self-efficacy. However, self-efficacy does not have an effect on IU and worry. Nevertheless, an emerging path between knowledge and IU supported the claim of Nuevo, Wetherell, Montorio, Ruiz, and Cabrera (2009). The study was able to determine the positive effect of spirituality to self-efficacy and its existing correlation with knowledge about aging in relation to elderly's IU and worry. The emerging model can serve as a reference for nurses to address the sociopsychological needs of the geriatric clients employing spirituality and psychiatric nursing.Intolerance of uncertainty is defined as a cognitive bias that affects how a person perceives, interprets, and responds to uncertain situations on a cognitive, emotional, and behavioral level

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“…Research has also examined other cognitive-behavioral interventions that do not specifically target IU, but nonetheless have shown a reduction in IU and symptoms of social anxiety (Hewitt, Egan, & Rees, 2009;Mahoney & McEvoy, 2012b), health anxiety (Langlois & Ladouceur, 2004), anxiety and depressive disorders (Bomyea et al, 2015), delivered as individual and group transdiagnostic interventions (Boswell et al, 2013; Abramowitz and Arch (2014) made a compelling argument that exposure-driven cognitive-behavioral treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder may benefit from strengthening inhibitory learning of nonthreatening associations (e.g., uncertainty is intolerable), such that uncertainty becomes increasingly acceptable as normal across contexts. Abramowitz and Arch (2014) suggest treatment should emphasize tolerating uncertainty through exposure, which may strengthen inhibitory associations.…”

Section: What Is Known?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intolerance of uncertainty in emotional disorders: What uncertainties remain?

Shihata

McEvoy

Mullan

et al. 2016

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

238

189

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The current paper presents a future research agenda for intolerance of uncertainty (IU), which is a transdiagnostic risk and maintaining factor for emotional disorders. In light of the accumulating interest and promising research on IU, it is timely to emphasize the theoretical and therapeutic significance of IU, as well as to highlight what remains unknown about IU across areas such as development, assessment, behavior, and relationships to emotional disorders. The present paper was designed to provide a synthesis of what is known and unknown about IU, and, in doing so, proposes broad and novel directions for future research to address the remaining uncertainties in the literature.Keywords: intolerance of uncertainty, review, emotional disorders, transdiagnostic, disorder-specific, research agenda WHAT UNCERTAINTIES REMAIN? 3 Intolerance of Uncertainty in Emotional Disorders: What Uncertainties Remain?The current paper briefly reviews what is known about intolerance of uncertainty (IU) before highlighting what remains unknown. Due to rapidly increasing interest and research focus on IU, culminating in the current special issue, a review is both timely and necessary to set a future research agenda. This paper will review IU with respect to conceptual foundations and definitional issues, development, assessment, behavioral consequences, associations to threat and risk, other cognitive vulnerability factors, emotional disorders, as well as clinical applications.Within each of these domains, what is currently known will first be briefly reviewed followed by what remains unknown. The major contribution of the current paper is the description of future research avenues to address the known unknowns. Conceptual Foundations of Intolerance of Uncertainty What is known?Models of psychopathology posit that uncertainty is a central feature in anxiety-related experience (Carleton, 2016) and the incapacity to endure unknowns appears to be a robust vulnerability factor associated with a range of psychological disorders (Grupe & Nitschke, 2013;Hong & Cheung, 2015). IU was originally defined as a broad construct that reflects "cognitive, emotional, and behavioral reactions to uncertainty in everyday life situations" (Freeston, Rhéaume, Letarte, Dugas, & Ladouceur, 1994, p. 792). Freeston and colleagues (1994) speculated that people with IU may engage in worry to increase their sense of certainty and control when faced with ambiguity. The definition of IU evolved as research on IU shifted from an initial focus on generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) to other disorders. A revised and broader definition described IU as a predisposition to negatively perceive and respond to uncertain information and situations irrespective of its probability and outcomes (Ladouceur, Blais, WHAT UNCERTAINTIES REMAIN? 4 Freeston, & Dugas, 1998;Ladouceur, Gosselin, & Dugas, 2000). IU has also been conceptualized as a cognitive filter and as the excessive tendency to perceive and interpret negative events as unacceptable (Buhr & Dugas...

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Preliminary investigation of intolerance of uncertainty treatment for anxiety disorders

Cited by 29 publications

References 35 publications

Changes in intolerance of uncertainty during cognitive behavior group therapy for social phobia

Changes in intolerance of uncertainty during cognitive behavior group therapy for social phobia

A Structural Equation Modelling on the Factors Affecting Intolerance of Uncertainty and Worry Among a Select Group of Filipino Elderly

Intolerance of uncertainty in emotional disorders: What uncertainties remain?

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