Preparation and characterization of CdS thin film using chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique for solar cell application

Abstract

The structural properties of CBD deposited CdS thin films have been studied by varying the processing parameters and Cd/S ratio of the starting Precursors in order to better understand the growth conditions. A CdS thin film was prepared on glass substrate by CBD method from a bath containing Thiourea and Ammonium hydroxide. The structural analysis was performed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The deposited CdS thin film was a cubic phase with small nano crystalline grains. The film was deposited at 60°C for 2 hours. After sintering the film at 300°C for 1 hour the color of the film was changed like dark yellowish and the thickness of the film was obtained 100 nm. The FTIR was done at room temperature over 350 cm-1 to 4500 cm-1 and it showed the existence of different functional group in the sample and their probable source. These studies have allowed us to establish a standard set of conditions for the fabrication of homogeneous and continuous very thin CdS films in laboratory and this preparation technique is also suitable for preparing highly efficient thin film due to its advantages such as simple, large area films, low deposition temperature and low-cost method.

Exploring the influence of iron doping on structural, morphological and optical properties of chemical bath deposited cadmium selenide thin films for optoelectronic applications

“…In the synthesis of Iron (Fe) doped CdSe, the incorporation of nano-crystalline grains assumes significance. This approach aims to achieve a small grain size, facilitating quantum confinement and resulting in a wider bandgap material with more discrete electron energy states [ [3] , [4] ]. Electrodeposited thin film semiconductors have gained prominence in various applications, including solar selective coating, solar cells, IR detectors, optoelectric devices, lasers, and light-emitting diodes [ [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] ].…”

“…The primary objective of this study is to fabricate CdSe and Fe-doped CdSe thin films using the Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) method and explore the influence of various doping concentrations on their surface morphology and optical characteristics. CBD has gained prominence as a promising technique for synthesizing high-quality thin films due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and ability to produce uniform coatings over large areas [ 4 ]. By leveraging CBD, we aim to achieve precise control over the deposition process parameters, such as pH, bath temperature, and concentrations, to obtain thin films with tailored properties.…”

Studies on the Optical Dispersion Parameters and Electronic Polarizability of Cadmium Sulphide Thin Film

“…"Moreso, CdS, is most widely used as a window layer in CdTe thin film solar cells and is a buffer layer in Copper Indium and Gallium Selenide (CIGS) thin film solar cells" [11][12][13][14][15]. "Several deposition techniques have been studied and employed in the fabrication of CdS thin films such as spin coating [16], Electro deposition ED [17], physical vapour deposition PVD [18], spray pyrolysis [19][20][21], Successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction SILAR [22], chemical precipitation [23], Sol -gel deposition [24,25], Thermal evaporation [26,27], and Chemical bath deposition CBD" [2,[28][29][30][31]. "Among all these techniques for synthesizing CdS, CBD has been adjudged to be the simplest, does not require sophisticated and complex machine, does not require high temperature and it is very cheap.…”

Influence of Molar Concentrations on Chemical Bath Deposited Cadmium Sulphide Thin Films

“…Many deposition methods of physical and chemical nature have been employed to deposit cadmium sulphide thin films for various applications such as SILAR, metal organic chemical vapour deposition technique, chemical spray pyrolysis, vacuum thermal evaporation, electro-deposition and chemical bath deposition (CBD) or solution growth technique (Abbas & Ahmad, 2013;Abulmackarim et al, 2014;Rao, & Asthith, 2015;Salim et al, 2016;Toma et al, 2021). The chemical bath deposition and solution growth technique has been widely used to synthesis high quality binary and ternary thin films due to its numerous advantages over other methods which include; simplicity, low cost of deposition, excellent film to substrates adhesion as well as low growth temperature and uniformity of films (Emegha et al, 2022a).…”