Preparation and characterization of oil palm ash from boiler to nanoparticle

Bukit, Nurdin; Ginting, Eva Marlina; Hutagalung, Eveb Adonai; Sidebang, Elfariska; Frida, Erna; Bukit, Bunga Fisikanta

doi:10.1515/rams-2019-0023

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…In other words, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to investigate the chemical structure of the composites 49 . FTIR characterization of NR composites, shown in Figure 8, indicate the existence of several bond vibrations 50,51 : intense peaks between 2853 and 2962 cm −1 that could be attributed to CH stretching of the CH 3 group, at 1445 cm −1 (CH bending vibration) at 1375 cm −1 (scissoring vibration of the CH 3 group) and less intense peaks at 1663 cm −1 (C═C stretching) and at 838 cm −1 (plane bending vibration of CH bond in C═CH group). No differences were observed between FTIR spectra of composites with and without CPH fillers, probably because the CPH fillers were evenly spread on the rubber compound, confirming thereby the non‐covalent interaction between CPH and raw NR.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of non‐vulcanized natural rubber‐based cocoa pod husk composites

Edjenguele

Alegría²,

Arrese-Igor³

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Several ingredients are often introduced into rubber matrices during the production of natural rubber (NR) based articles, essentially to modify and improve upon the properties of the final products as well as to reduce their costs. In this study, composites of natural rubber and cocoa pod husk were prepared by solution casting and tested for their rheological and thermal properties in order to ascertain the suitability of the latter as a substitute for standard fillers in the NR industry. An increase in the level of substitution significantly reduced the rheological properties of the composites in the linear viscoelastic region but had no significant effects on their thermal stability, glass transition temperature and on the α‐relaxation of the NR composites except at the highest level of substitution (25%). However, α‐relaxation and rheological shift factors were always temperature‐dependent and had a direct influence on their electrical conductivity with no permanent chemical bonds formed or broken during preparation of the composites. Hence, untreated cocoa pod husk could serve as non‐reinforcing filler for raw natural rubber.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of non‐vulcanized natural rubber‐based cocoa pod husk composites

Edjenguele

Alegría²,

Arrese-Igor³

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The Scherrer equation (equation 2) is used to calculate the lattice strain and crystallite size. The peak width, β in radians, measured as full width half-maximum of an X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra, is inversely proportional to the crystallite size L hkl perpendicular to the hkl plane [19,56]: Table 7 shows that lattice strain increases and crystallite sizes decrease with the increasing of machining parameters. The average crystallite sizes in the machiningaffected layer are smaller than bulk regions which is consistent with the microstructure observed in the backscattered electron images shown in Figure 5.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryogenic milling and formation of nanostructured machined surface of AISI 4340

Muhamad

Ghani

Haron

et al. 2020

Nanotechnology Reviews

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Hardened layers are commonly required for automotive components after their production using a machining process in order to enhance the service life of these components. This study investigates the possibility of producing a nanostructured machined surface which can increase the hardness of the machined surface by varying the machining parameters under cryogenic conditions in end milling of AISI 4340. The end milling experiments were performed using multi-layered TiAlN- and AlCrN-coated carbide. Prior to the experiment, a finite element method (FEM) was used to simulate the cutting temperature generated and it had been found that at cutting speed of 200–300 m/min, feed rate of 0.15–0.3 mm/tooth, axial depth of cut of 0.3–0.5 mm, and radial depth of cut of 0.2–0.35 mm, the temperature generated can be sufficiently high to cause austenitic transformation. A field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) equipped with angle selective backscattered (AsB) detection analysis was used to investigate the microstructure and machined-affected layers of the machined surfaces. The crystallographic orientation/phase change and nano-hardness were analysed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a nano-hardness testing machine. The results showed that the cryogenic machining had significantly affected the surface integrity characteristics of the AISI 4340 alloy due to refined microstructure, favourable phase structure, and higher hardness near the surface layer. The results of this study may be useful in providing an insight into a potential technological shift from conventional surface case hardening processes to the present technique.

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“…SEM of Bentonit-OPBA is presented in Figure 5. SEM analysis showed that structure is less aggregated this is probably caused by modifications with the use of CTAB surfactants on bentonite [17][18][19].…”

Section: Sem Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

Preparation and characterization of Bentonite-OPBA nanocomposite as filler

Frida

Bukit

et al. 2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Bentonite-OPBA nanocomposite has been made. The preparation of OPBA and bentonite was carried out by calcination process at a temperature of 700oC for bentonite and 500 °C for OPBA and a ball mill process for 10 hours and coprecipitation method with a solution 6 M HCl. Then nano bentonite was synthesized with surfactant Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB). The XRD analysis obtained a Bentonite-OPBA particle size of 14.46 nm, with a Tetragonal crystal system and density of 3.01200 g/cm3. XRF analysis obtained SiO2 content of 55.1 % FTIR analysis obtained absorption band detected at 981.33 cm−1 indicates that the increase in silica strengthening has in the polymerization process.

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Preparation and characterization of oil palm ash from boiler to nanoparticle

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Preparation and characterization of non‐vulcanized natural rubber‐based cocoa pod husk composites

Preparation and characterization of non‐vulcanized natural rubber‐based cocoa pod husk composites

Cryogenic milling and formation of nanostructured machined surface of AISI 4340

Preparation and characterization of Bentonite-OPBA nanocomposite as filler

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