Preparation and characterization of Ti3C2Tx with SERS properties

Polymer-Laminated Ti3C2TX MXene Electrodes for Transparent and Flexible Field-Driven Electronics

“…The Raman spectra in Figure i exhibit characteristic peaks at approximately 199.1, 279.8, 389.1, and 580 cm –1 , , which correspond to the vibrations of the C, O, F, and OH functional groups (T X ) and the Ti–C vibration of Ti 3 C 2 T X MXene and are indicated by the red bars. The Raman peaks of PVPh were exhibited at 641.7, 843.7, and 1087.5 cm –1 , which correspond to the vibrations of the aromatic ring deformation, out-of-plane CH deformation, and in-plane CH deformation and are indicated by the blue bars. − Therefore, the Raman spectra of the PL-MXene displayed the typical strong peaks of MXene and the weak peaks of PVPh. The HR-XRD results of the PL-MXene electrode are nearly identical to those of an MXene layer before depositing a PVPh layer, as shown in Figure j.…”

Unravelling the Thickness Dependence and Mechanism of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering on Ti3C2TX MXene Nanosheets

“…52 Furthermore, although 2D MXene layers are bound to each other by a weak hydrogen bond or van der Waals force between T x (−OH, −F, O) of two adjacent layers, 35 the interacting surfaces are not evenly coupled due to various nanoparticle formations on the inner surfaces, which are trapped between the adjacent layers. For example, Al 2 O 3 and AlF 3 nanoparticles (see EDS maps, Figure 1d−h) are almost always formed during the Al etching process, 9,27,35,53,54 and TiO 2 nanoparticles are spontaneously formed on the inside and outside of the Ti 3 C 2 T X surfaces under moisture rich conditions. 9,51,55 Such nanoparticles increase the interlayer spacing and facilitate the diffusion of the MB molecules.…”

“…MXenes, a new family of transition metal-based 2D materials, have been considered as potential materials for various applications, − ,− including SERS-based sensing. Various reports ,,− on MXene-based SERS substrates have shown a promisingly high EF ranging from 10 5 to 10 12 . Furthermore, the superior hydrophilicity ,, of MXenes helps to distribute the analyte molecules evenly on the surface, making them unique among all types of SERS substrates and suitable for practical applications.…”

“…A state-of-art development of efficient SERS substrates from MXenes requires a thorough understanding of the Raman enhancement mechanism. Although MXene films have been explored for SERS-based sensing applications, ,,− a fundamental understanding on the Raman enhancement mechanism of individual MXene nanosheets has not been thoroughly developed, and the effect of MXene sheet thickness on the SERS activities has not been explored. Several studies ,, show that 2D materials with different electronic structures exhibit unique layer or thickness dependency.…”

Green synthesis of reduced Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets with enhanced conductivity, oxidation stability, and SERS activity

“…Among several potential applications, MXenes have shown promise for making cheap and efficient SERS substrates. 4,20,21,28 SERS is a non-destructive and highly sensitive technique for molecular detection at trace amounts. Although noble metal nanostructure-based SERS substrates have shown an ultrahigh enhancement factor (EF) of 10 14 , 29 the high cost of production limits their wide use for practical purposes.…”