Preparation, crystal structures, thermal decompositions and explosive properties of two new high-nitrogen azide ethylenediamine energetic compounds

Wu, Bidong; Zhou, Zunning; Li, Fu-Gang; Yang, Li; Zhang, Tonglai; Zhang, Jianguo

doi:10.1039/c2nj40887b

Cited by 40 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…With the introduction of N–O bonds, the density of the MOFs increases distinctly. It is worth noting that the two complexes also show higher crystal densities than those of most known copper-based MOFs such as {[Cu(ATZ)(ClO 4 ) 2 ] n , ρ = 1.40 g cm −3 , ATZ = 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole} [ 34 ]; {[Cu(Pn)(N 3 ) 2 ] n , ρ = 1.76 g cm −3 , Pn = 1,2-diaminopropane} [ 17 ]; {[Cu 2 (En) 2 (N 3 ) 4 ] n , ρ = 1.93 g cm −3 , En = ethylenediamine} [ 35 ], {[Cu(ATRZ) 3 (NO 3 ) 2 ] n, ρ = 1.68 g cm −3 } [ 20 ] and {[Cu(Htztr) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ] n, ρ = 1.89 g cm −3 , Htztr − = 3-(1 H -tetrazol-5-yl)-1 H –triazole} [ 36 ]. It is possible that these complexes contain polynitro ligands, which result in their high densities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Density Energetic Metal–Organic Frameworks Based on the 5,5′-Dinitro-2H,2′H-3,3′-bi-1,2,4-triazole

Dong

Peng

et al. 2017

Molecules

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High-energy metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) based on nitrogen-rich ligands are an emerging class of explosives, and density is one of the positive factors that can influence the performance of energetic materials. Thus, it is important to design and synthesize high-density energetic MOFs. In the present work, hydrothermal reactions of Cu(II) with the rigid polynitro heterocyclic ligands 5,5′-dinitro-2H,2′H-3,3′-bi-1,2,4-triazole (DNBT) and 5,5′-dinitro-3,3′-bis-1,2,4-triazole-1-diol (DNBTO) gave two high-density MOFs: [Cu(DNBT)(ATRZ)3]n (1) and [Cu(DNBTO)(ATRZ)2(H2O)2]n (2), where ATRZ represents 4,4′-azo-1,2,4-triazole. The structures were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, ultraviolet-visible (UV) absorption spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Their thermal stabilities were also determined by thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry analysis (TG/DSC). The results revealed that complex 1 has a two-dimensional porous framework that possesses the most stable chair conformations (like cyclohexane), whereas complex 2 has a one-dimensional polymeric structure. Compared with previously reported MOFs based on copper ions, the complexes have higher density (ρ = 1.93 g cm−3 for complex 1 and ρ = 1.96 g cm−3 for complex 2) and high thermal stability (decomposition temperatures of 323 °C for complex 1 and 333.3 °C for complex 2), especially because of the introduction of an N–O bond in complex 2. We anticipate that these two complexes would be potential high-energy density materials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Density Energetic Metal–Organic Frameworks Based on the 5,5′-Dinitro-2H,2′H-3,3′-bi-1,2,4-triazole

Dong

Peng

et al. 2017

Molecules

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“…In the design of desirable energetic salts, introducing nitro groups and N‐heterocyclic rings into furazan is a good strategy . Tetrazole moiety is an outstanding candidate for the design of novel energetic materials because of its abundant energy‐rich bonds, such as N=N bond (418 kJ · mol –1 ) and N–N bond (160 kJ · mol –1 ) . Meanwhile, its high nitrogen content can also confers it with a good oxygen balance .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insensitive and Thermostable Energetic Materials Based on 3‐Ureido‐4‐tetrazole‐furazan: Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties

Dong

Yang

et al. 2019

Zeitschrift anorg allge chemie

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Energetic salts composed of ureido, furazan, and tetrazole were prepared by simple and efficient chemical routes to explore new insensitive and thermostable energetic materials. 3‐Ureido‐4‐tetrazole‐furazan (3) and its ammonium salt (5) and hydrazinium salt (6) were confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The thermal stabilities of the synthesized salts were studied using differential scanning calorimetry, and the detonation performances of these salts were calculated using EXPLO 5 V6.01. All the salts exhibit good thermal stability (Td: 148–259 °C) and mechanical sensitivities (IS > 40 J, FS > 360 N), and their detonation velocities range from 7316 to 8655 m·s–1. Compounds 6 and 10 are potential candidates as novel insensitive and heat‐resistant explosives because of their high detonation temperatures of 247 and 256 °C, good detonation velocities of 8432 and 8523 m·s–1, and good detonation pressures of 25.6 and 26.8 GPa.

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“…Many investigators have recently demonstrated the possibility of using nitrogen-rich MOFs as high explosives [25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48]. MOFs consist of metal ions (Pb 2+ , Ag + , etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past decade, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have elicited much interest in chemistry, material science, medicine, and environmental science [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ] because of their stable architectures, controllable structures, modifiable properties, and potential applications in gas storage [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ], chemical separation [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ], catalysis [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ], chemical sensor technology [ 5 ], drug delivery [ 22 , 23 , 24 ], and so on. Many investigators have recently demonstrated the possibility of using nitrogen-rich MOFs as high explosives [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ]. MOFs consist of metal ions (Pb 2+ , Ag + , etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen-Rich Energetic Metal-Organic Framework: Synthesis, Structure, Properties, and Thermal Behaviors of Pb(II) Complex Based on N,N-Bis(1H-tetrazole-5-yl)-Amine

et al. 2016

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The focus of energetic materials is on searching for a high-energy, high-density, insensitive material. Previous investigations have shown that 3D energetic metal–organic frameworks (E-MOFs) have great potential and advantages in this field. A nitrogen-rich E-MOF, Pb(bta)·2H2O [N% = 31.98%, H2bta = N,N-Bis(1H-tetrazole-5-yl)-amine], was prepared through a one-step hydrothermal reaction in this study. Its crystal structure was determined through single-crystal X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. The complex has high heat denotation (16.142 kJ·cm−3), high density (3.250 g·cm−3), and good thermostability (Tdec = 614.9 K, 5 K·min−1). The detonation pressure and velocity obtained through theoretical calculations were 43.47 GPa and 8.963 km·s−1, respectively. The sensitivity test showed that the complex is an impact-insensitive material (IS > 40 J). The thermal decomposition process and kinetic parameters of the complex were also investigated through thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. Non-isothermal kinetic parameters were calculated through the methods of Kissinger and Ozawa-Doyle. Results highlighted the nitrogen-rich MOF as a potential energetic material.

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Preparation, crystal structures, thermal decompositions and explosive properties of two new high-nitrogen azide ethylenediamine energetic compounds

Cited by 40 publications

References 42 publications

High-Density Energetic Metal–Organic Frameworks Based on the 5,5′-Dinitro-2H,2′H-3,3′-bi-1,2,4-triazole

High-Density Energetic Metal–Organic Frameworks Based on the 5,5′-Dinitro-2H,2′H-3,3′-bi-1,2,4-triazole

Insensitive and Thermostable Energetic Materials Based on 3‐Ureido‐4‐tetrazole‐furazan: Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties

Nitrogen-Rich Energetic Metal-Organic Framework: Synthesis, Structure, Properties, and Thermal Behaviors of Pb(II) Complex Based on N,N-Bis(1H-tetrazole-5-yl)-Amine

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