2018
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2018.03.193
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Preparation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from glucose catalyzed by silica-supported phosphotungstic acid heterogeneous catalyst

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Cited by 90 publications
(53 citation statements)
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“…A high glucose conversion without a proportional HMF yield, as observed in other cases, suggests the formation of reaction by-products. In fact, the formation of humin, levulinic acid, furfural, and formic acid, which have been reported in literature as by-products of a glucose dehydration reaction to HMF, is often associated with reaction conditions, mainly to the use of solvents and high temperatures [5,26]. Table 1.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A high glucose conversion without a proportional HMF yield, as observed in other cases, suggests the formation of reaction by-products. In fact, the formation of humin, levulinic acid, furfural, and formic acid, which have been reported in literature as by-products of a glucose dehydration reaction to HMF, is often associated with reaction conditions, mainly to the use of solvents and high temperatures [5,26]. Table 1.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Common solid acid catalysts include carbon-based solid acids, molecular sieves, ion-exchange resins, and heteropoly acids [71]. Degradation of monosaccharide, starch, cellulose, and other biomasses to HMF using solid acid catalysts has been investigated ( Table 2) [72][73][74][75][76], but degradation of chitin biomass using solid acid catalysts has rarely been reported. Kalane et al [77] combined a solid acid catalyst with different concentrations of acetic acid to catalyze chitosan conversion to HMF by "green" synthesis.…”
Section: Hmf Production From Chitin Biomass By Lewis Acidsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3 of 12 15 N-labeled taurine. The electrostatic interaction between sulfonate and the aluminum cation was exploited for immobilization of the model Lewis acid catalyst, Al(OTf)3.…”
Section: Catalysts 2018 8 X For Peer Reviewmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the past decade, various catalysts, such as homogeneous sulfonic acid [11], heteropolyacids (HPAs) [12], heterogeneous metal-oxide-based catalysts, like tin-beta zeolites [13] and Nb 2 O 5 [14], have all been reported to catalyze the dehydration reaction of C 6 monosaccharide to HMF. In addition, numerous green solvent and catalytic systems have been demonstrated to show high glucose-HMF conversion activity and good yields of HMF have been reported, inspiring the development of new class of catalysts [15][16][17]. Very recently, a class of metal salts, such as AlCl 3 [18], SnCl 4 [19], GeCl 4 [20], and YbCl 3 [21], dissolved in either aqueous or ionic liquid media, have been investigated as extremely effective catalysts for HMF production.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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