Preparation of carbon fiber from water hyacinth liquid tar

Abstract

Elemental analysis of water hyacinth liquid tar indicated that it contains significant amount of oxygen atom. GC-MS analysis shows that the water hyacinth liquid tar is a suitable precursor for the preparation of intermediate material for carbon fiber due to high content of phenolic compounds. The carbonization of water hyacinth resin was carried out at 900°C and the yield of the maximum total yield of carbon fiber was 29 %. The carbon fiber was characterized using SEM, and XRD methods, while the FTIR analysis was conducted to qualitatively verify the surface functional groups of water hyacinth tar and resin. The XRD analysis revealed that the carbon fiber is non-graphitic in nature. The pyrolysis temperature did not have any effect on the properties of the carbon fibers. The axial modulus and the tensile strength of carbon fibers produced from water hyacinth tar are around 42 GPa and 600 MPa, respectively. These properties are comparable to the commercial carbon fiber.

Water Hyacinth: A Unique Source for Sustainable Materials and Products

“…The resin was also converted into carbon fibers by carbonization at 900 °C with a conversion rate of about 29%. Properties of the carbon fiber obtained (strength of 600 MPa and modulus of 42 GPa) were similar to that of commercially available carbon fibers. , …”

Synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical properties of carbon nanotubes used as cathode materials for Al–air batteries from a renewable source of water hyacinth

“…The last region at the temperature above 500°C was due to the destruction of the carbon structure, causing the weight loss of about 36%, which was due to the carbon oxidation of MWCNTs [36]. This finding suggests that the yield of obtained MWCNTs was approximately 36%, which is higher than the previous study by Soenjaya et al [17]. Therefore, the MWCNTs have higher thermal stability than BWH and WH/Fe because they have a higher content of graphitic carbon and the well-organized crystallinity.…”

“…The dried water hyacinth was milled and sieved into smaller sizes in the range of 2-2.36 mm. Finally, it was introduced into a furnace for carbonization at 450°C for 1 h under a nitrogen atmosphere represented as biochar of water hyacinth (denote as BWH) for increasing the porosity and the surface area [17]. The BWH was mixed with acetone as a solvent and ferrocene as a catalyst.…”

“…The diameter of the produced nanofibers was 20-100 nm. Finally, Soenjiya et al [17] prepared carbon fibers from liquid tar of water hyacinth, which was a resin that composed of high phenolic compounds. Water hyacinth resin was carbonized at 900°C, and the yield of carbon fiber obtained was 29%, which was relatively low.…”

Composition of water-insoluble extract from oil palm trunk liquefaction using polyhydric alcohol

“…Lignocellulosic biomass includes residue waste from agro-plantations, forests, agro-industrial processes, and aquatic plants (water hyacinth), which are well-known sustainable bioresources. This biomass can be directly used as a burning fuel to generate steam and electricity or it can be converted into liquid products for use as a biofuel or into intermediate chemical products that can be used to replace fossil-based fuels and chemicals (Soenjaya et al 2015;Isoni et al 2018). Liquefaction is considered an efficient method for conversion of this biomass.…”