Preparation of gelatin–N‐vinylpyrrolidone graft copolymer

Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology

2012

Crosslinked graft copolymers of CMC with N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (N-VP) were prepared in different grafting yields. Saccharomyces bayanus was immobilized in the graft copolymers of carboxymethylcellulose-g-poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (CMC-g-PVP) for ethanol fermentation. The effects of grafting yield, initial glucose concentration, and crosslinker concentration on the yield of ethanol process was investigated. Ethanol production increased when percentage of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone in the graft copolymer was increased. The maximum concentration, productivity, and yield of ethanol were 98.78 g L (-1), 8.23 g L (-1) h (-1) and 0.494 g g (-1), respectively. Reusability of the immobilized yeasts was found that the materials can be used seven times without losing their activity.

Section: Characterization Of Beadssupporting

confidence: 91%

High productivity bioethanol fermentation by immobilizedSaccharomyces bayanusonto carboxymethylcellulose-g- poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) beads

Gökgöz

Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology

2012

“…Such behaviors were also obtained in other studies in the literature. 14,19,20,[22][23][24] In the study of Shah et al, 22 they investigated the grafting of acrylonitrile onto a sodium alginate polymer and observed that the grafting percentage increased as the monomer concentration increased from 0.272 to 0.679M and after that decreased with a further increase in the monomer concentration.…”

Section: Effect Of the Monomer Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The principal reason for successful PVP application is its excellent biocompatibility with living tissues and extremely low cytotoxicity. 11 Many workers have carried out grafting reactions of N-VP onto silica, 12 polypropylene film, 13 gelatin, 14 and low-density polyethylene. 15 In a previous study, 16 N-VP was grafted onto poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films, and the reaction conditions for grafting were optimized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graft copolymerization of N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone onto sodium carboxymethylcellulose with azobisisobutyronitrile as the initiator

J of Applied Polymer Sci

Işıklan

Özmen

2007

Graft copolymers of sodium carboxymethylcellulose with N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone were prepared in aqueous solutions with azobisisobutyronitrile as the initiator. The graft copolymers [sodium carboxymethylcellulose-g-poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)] were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. The grafting parameters, including the graft yield of the graft copolymer and the grafting efficiency of the reaction, were evaluated comparatively. The effects of reaction variables such as the time, temperature, and monomer and initiator concentrations on these parameters were studied. The graft yield and grafting efficiency increased and then decreased with increasing concentrations of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and azobisisobutyronitrile and increasing polymerization temperatures. The optimum temperature and polymerization time were 708C and 4.30 h, respectively. Further changes in the properties of grafted sodium carboxymethylcellulose, such as the intrinsic viscosity, were determined. The overall activation energy for the grafting was also calculated to be 10.5 kcal/mol. 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 936-943, 2007

“…Biocompatible polymeric hydrogels has been effectively used for controlled release systems. Many worker have carried out grafting reactions of N ‐VP onto silica,21 polypropylene film,22 gelatin,23 and low density polyethylene 24. However, grafting of hydrophilic N ‐VP onto NaAlg and controlled release application of it has not been studied up to now.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of poly(N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone) grafted sodium alginate hydrogel beads for the controlled release of indomethacin

Işıklan

İnal

J of Applied Polymer Sci

2008

Graft copolymers of sodium alginate (NaAlg) with N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone were prepared using azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator. The graft copolymers (NaAlg-g-PVP) were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Polymeric hydrogel beads of NaAlg and NaAlg-g-PVP were prepared by crosslinking method using glutaraldehyde (GA) as a crosslinker in the hydrochloric acid catalyst (HCl) and these beads were used to deliver anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin (IM). Chemical stability of the IM after encapsulation into beads was confirmed by FTIR. Preparation conditions of the NaAlg-g-PVP beads were optimized by considering the percentage entrapment efficiency, particle size, swelling capacity and their release data. In vitro release studies were performed in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2) for the initial 2 h, followed by simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4) for 4 h. Effects of GA concentration, exposure time to GA, drug/polymer (d/p) ratio, and concentration of HCl on the release of IM were discussed. It was observed that IM release from the beads decreased with increasing GA concentration and exposure time. IM release also decreases with increasing d/p ratio and HCl concentration. The highest IM release was obtained to be 77% for beads crosslinked with 0.027M GA. Swelling experiments were also performed to compute molecular mass between crosslinks of the beads.