Preparation of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles‐Based Starch Paste and its Antifungal Performance as a Paper Adhesive

Abstract

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are used as antifungal agents and imparted in starch paste. The zinc oxide nanoparticles are synthesized using starch as a stabilizing agent under sonochemical irradiation, and then used in the preparation of ZnO NPs‐based starch paste. The effects of starch and ultrasonic irradiation on the formation of ZnO NPs are subsequently investigated. Characterization by X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy reveals that ZnO NPs synthesized under an optimal condition are highly dispersed and well‐defined crystals with diameters of approximately 5 nm. The antifungal performance of ZnO NPs‐based starch paste is evaluated under a high temperature and humidity environment, and is compared with traditional fungicides, alum, and pure terephthalic acid (PTA). In addition, the paste shows negligible toxicity and deterioration to the mechanical properties of the mounted paper. Lastly, the paper mounted with ZnO NPs‐based starch paste shows superior antifungal performance, an essential property protecting paper documents from mold growth, compared to pristine starch paste.

Enhanced antibacterial activity of capped zinc oxide nanoparticles: A step towards the control of clinical bovine mastitis

“…Capped ZnO nanostructures were synthesized by sonochemical route according to the method of Luo et al . [20] with some modifications. Briefly, 0.3 M zinc nitrate was dissolved in 100 ml of cooled starch solution (1.5 g in 100 ml of distilled water) by a magnetic stirrer at 500 rpm for 10 min, and 0.6 M sodium hydroxide precursor was dissolved separately in 100 ml of distilled water by magnetic stirring at 500 rpm for 10 min and kept ready.…”

Perspectives for antimicrobial nanomaterials in cultural heritage conservation

“…63 In most of the studies, the nanomaterials were dispersed in polar protic solvents that quickly evaporate, like water or ethanol; 12,64,65 however, some studies took further the idea of stabilizing the coatings versus environmental conditions, and organic or inorganic matrices were incorporated for this purpose. These includes commercial varnishes 46 and consolidants 15,19,22,50,52,56,60,63,[66][67][68] and natural and synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl butyral, 47 starch, 54 siloxanes, 59,62,69,70 acrylic resins, 27,71 wax, 72 estearates, 73 nanocellulose, 53 hydroxyethylcellulose, 74 and hydrogels. 48,75 These hybrids generally enhanced the attachment properties of the NPs, thus improving the longevity of the antimicrobial coatings.…”

“…16,51 Electrochemical methods (4%) have also been used to prepare ZnO 19 and Cu NPs, 52 and sonochemical methods (4%) are currently trending as a convenient, rapid, and cost-effective route to obtain NPs such as ZnO. 53,54 Physical vapor deposition has also been used for the synthesis of In-doped ZnO. 55 Finally, it is worth mentioning that 6% of the reviewed publications failed to even specify the origin or synthetic procedure for the NPs used in the study.…”

Preparation and Evaluation of Rice Bran‐Modified Urea Formaldehyde as Environmental Friendly Wood Adhesive

“…These are thermosetting or crosslinked‐type polymers, e.g., isocyanate binders and polyvinyl alcohol or various types of natural bio‐adhesives, e.g., natural tannin and proteinaceous or starch‐based adhesives. [ 10–14 ] Among the natural bio‐based resins, rice ( Oryza sativa ) bran (RB) has not been studied in detail. [ 9 ] RB is a by‐product of rice milling and produced from brown rice through abrasive milling to produce pure polished rice.…”