Prescribing Functional Additives for Treating the Poor Performances of High‐Voltage (5 V‐class) LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄/MCMB Li‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

In this paper, tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphite (TMSP) and 1,3‐propanediolcyclic sulfate (PCS) are unprecedentedly prescribed as binary functional additives for treating the poor performances of high‐voltage (5 V‐class) LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/MCMB (graphitic mesocarbon microbeads) Li‐ion batteries at both room temperature and 50 °C. The high‐voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/MCMB cell with binary functional additives shows a preponderant discharge capacity retention of 79.5% after 500 cycles at 0.5 C rate at room temperature. By increasing the current intensity from 0.2 to 5 C rate, the discharge capacity retention of the high‐voltage cell with binary functional additives is ≈90%, while the counterpart is only ≈55%. By characterizations, it is rationally demonstrated that the binary functional additives decompose and participate in the modification of solid–electrolyte interface layers (both electrodes), which are more conductive, protective, and resistant to electrolyte oxidative/reductive decompositions (accompanying active‐Li+ consuming parasitic reactions) due to synergistic effects. Specifically, the TMSP additive can stabilize LiPF6 salt and scavenge erosive hydrofluoric acid. More encouragingly, at 50 °C, the high‐voltage cell with binary functional additives holds an ultrahigh discharge capacity retention of 79.5% after 200 cycles at 1 C rate. Moreover, a third designed self‐extinguishing flame‐retardant additive of (ethoxy)‐penta‐fluoro‐cyclo‐triphosphazene (PFPN) is introduced for reducing the flammability of the aforementioned binary functional additives containing electrolyte.

Preparation and characterization of LiCo0.5Ni0.45Ag0.05O2 cathode material for lithium–ion battery

“…LCNAO powders grown by these wet-chemistry method displays the hexagonal oublets (006)/(102) and (018)/(110) with a clear splitting, which indicates that samples have a high degree of crystallinity, good hexagonal ordering, and greater layered characteristics. XRD results confirm the formation of pure phase [22,23]. Characteristics of the crystalline structure emphasize that the material synthesized in the present work could be used as a cathode active compound with electrochemical properties competent to other counterparts [15].…”

Nano‐Sized AlPO4 Coating Layer on Graphite Powder to Improve the Electrochemical Properties of High‐Voltage Graphite/LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Li‐Ion Cells

“…So far, four main strategies have been adopted to improve the cycle life of the LNMO/graphite battery. The common approach is the use of electrolyte additives in a conventional carbonate‐based electrolyte . Another approach is to replace conventional carbonate electrolytes with new electrolyte systems .…”

Calix[6]quinone as high-performance cathode for lithium-ion battery

“…However, conventional inorganic electrode materials face several serious issues, including huge energy consumption in preparation, high cost, and the contamination of the environment caused by excessive waste batteries [4][5][6][7][8]. Therefore, developing new low-cost high-performance electrode materials is considered as an important research direction for future innovative LIBs [9][10][11][12][13][14]. Specially, "organic batteries" have become a current hot topic because this type of batteries could be the next generation of environmentally friendly batteries.…”