In offshore deepwater drilling, the temperature is rather low near the seabed. The resulting thickening of conventional oil-based drilling fluid causes increase in equivalent circulating density. When the density surpasses the formation fracture pressure gradient, a series of problems, including lost circulation, may occur, causing huge economic losses. A desirable drilling fluid is desperately needed to solve the rheology-related problems. In view of this, this paper analyzes how oil-based drilling fluid acquires the flat-rheology characteristics, and selects preferred additives, e.g. base oil, emulsifier, organic clay and weighting materials, based on their effects on the rheological properties of drilling fluid. On this basis, the author successfully synthetizes a rheology modifier and develops a flat-rheology oil-based drilling fluid. The performance of the proposed drilling fluid is experimentally evaluated. The results indicate that the variations of the yield point, 10-min gel and θ6 reading of the proposed drilling fluid are controlled within 25% in the temperature range of 4-75 ℃ when the density is below 2.1 g/cm 3 . Besides, the proposed drilling fluid boasts good shale inhibition and filtration performance as well as strong contamination resistance to NaCl, CaCl2 and drill cuttings. In this way, this paper provides a desirable solution to rheology-related problems in deepwater drilling.