Prestaining Method as a Useful Tool for the Agarose Gel Electrophoretic Detection of Polymerase Chain Reaction Products with a Fluorescent Dye SYBR® Gold Nucleic Acid Gel Stain

An expanding negative detection method for the visualization of DNA in polyacrylamide gels by eosin Y

“…In terms of the detection limit, ZnCl 2 was found much more sensitive than the remaining salts. In brief, the sensitivity of the staining was obtained for the following order: ZnCl 2, 4ZnSO 4 EZn(NO 3 ) 2 4MgCl 2 4 CaCl 2 4AlCl 3 4FeCl 3 4NaCl4NaAc 5 Zn(Ac) 2 . As examining the stained gel images by the eye, ZnCl 2 achieved the best image contrast between DNA band and background among the tested salts, the high background of AlCl 3 -and FeCl 3 -EY stained gels resulted in their poor contrast caused by serious precipitation of EY in staining solution, while low DNA band intensity of MgCl 2 -and CaCl 2 -EY stained gels contributed to their poor contrast.…”

“…Fluorescent dyes are widely used for the detection of DNA in genomic analysis. Commercial products such as SYBR Green I stain, GelStar stain, and SYBR Gold stain are some examples of those commonly used [2][3][4][5]. The use of these methods in ultraviolet transillumination enables detection of DNA at picogram level, and the mode of binding of the dyes to nucleic acids is believed to be of a different mechanism than of the more conventional phenanthridinium intercalator dyes such as ethidium bromide (EB) and propidium iodide, which may insert itself into the spaces between the base pairs of the DNA double helix [5][6][7].…”

Negative visualization of DNA in agarose gel by eosin Y and its related mechanism

“…3,4 However, its genotoxic potential has been controversially discussed: (i) EB has carcinogenic effects that complicate handling and disposal of both this chemical and the stained gels, and (ii) the UV light generally causes deleterious nicking, dimerization, and bleaching of nucleic acids. 5 Other commercial products such as DAPI, 6,7 SYBR Green I, 8 and SYBR Gold stains 9,10 are some examples of those commonly used. However, they are not readily availability and have a high cost, and the UV irradiation required to visualize stained DNA bands possibly causes damage to both sample and experimental DNA.…”

Capillary electrophoresis of double‐stranded DNA fragments using a new fluorescence intercalating dye EvaGreen

“…Recently, a series of unsymmetrical cyanine dyes, such as SYBR Green I and SYBR Gold have been developed for the analysis of nucleic acids in slab gel electrophoresis and CE. These dyes have low intrinsic fluorescence, highbinding affinity to nucleic acids, and the DNA-dye complexes have high fluorescent quantum yield, and therefore, they are widely used in the analysis of nucleic acids by slab gel electrophoresis [15,16] and CE [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. The advantages and drawbacks of different dyes were compared using CE or slab gel electrophoresis [20,[25][26][27][28][29].…”