Prevalence and cognitive performances of vascular cognitive impairment no dementia in Japan: the Osaki–Tajiri Project

Abstract

Prevalence, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, cognitive function and depression are four major aspects of vascular cognitive impairment no dementia (vascular CIND). We performed a community-based study to examine these using 497 community-residents aged 65 years or older. Vascular CIND was defined as a clinical dementia rating (CDR) 0.5 with cerebrovascular disease. Several neuropsychological tests were performed, including MMSE, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and Trail Making Test (TMT). Cerebrovascular disease and white matter lesions were visually assessed using MRI. Prevalence of vascular CIND, localization of cerebrovascular disease, and the relationships amongst MRI findings, white matter lesions, cognitive impairment and depression were analyzed. The prevalence of vascular CIND was 8.5% amongst the total population, corresponding to the rate being 37.2% amongst the CDR 0.5 participants. Compared with the CDR 0, the CDR 0.5 group had more subjects with strategic cerebrovascular disease in the thalamus, etc. No effects of cerebrovascular disease on MMSE and GDS scores were found, but the CDR 0.5/strategic cerebrovascular disease group showed impaired TMT-B scores. In the CDR 0 group, only anterior periventricular hyperintensity was associated with TMT-A score independent of cerebrovascular disease. A vascular CIND population was identified, and executive dysfunction in this population is probably based on an impaired fronto-subcortical circuit.

P3‐200: The association between cognitive function and white matter lesion location in older adults: A systematic review

“…Ishii et al [34] For CDR=0 group, anterior periventricular WML and a test of executive function/processing speed were significantly correlated.…”

“…For executive function/processing speed, out of six studies, three studies [24,27,34] found a significant association between periventricular WMLs and executive function/ processing speed, while only one study [26] found a significant association between subcortical WMLs and executive function/processing speed. Two studies [25,33] did not find any association.…”

“…For memory, out of seven studies, three studies [24,27,33] found a significant association between periventricular WMLs and memory performance, two studies [26,28] found a significant association between subcortical WMLs and memory performance, and two studies [25,34] did not find any association.…”

“…Based on their proximity to ventricles, WMLs were classified as subcortical or periventricular in seven studies [24][25][26][27][28]33,34]. The results show that more studies have found an association between periventricular WMLs with the cognitive domain of executive function, than subcortical WMLs.…”

“…Studies that classified and compared subjects based on cognitive status Subcortical vs. periventricular WML Among the studies that classified participants based on their cognitive status, two cross-sectional studies [33,34] compared the effects of subcortical and periventricular WMLs. Burns et al [33] included 88 non-demented participants (clinical dementia rating (CDR) score=0), 68 with early-stage AD (48 with very mild AD (CDR=0.5), and 20 with mild AD (CDR=1)).…”