Prevalence of antibiotics resistance and OXA carbapenemases genes in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in central Taiwan

Abstract

This study analyzed the prevalence of antibiotics resistance and the distribution of genes responsible for carbapenems resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. Clinical A. baumannii isolates were cultured, identified, and collected during the period from May 2007 to February 2009. Antibiotics resistance rates of the clinical isolates were analyzed by antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The distribution of carbapenemase alleles were investigated in the multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii isolates by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. A total of 1,265 independent A. baumannii isolates were identified. Approximately 70% of the clinical isolates were resistant to ampicillin/sulbactam, followed by imipenem, meropenem, cefepime, piperacillin/tazobactam, ceftazidime, and cefoperazone. Overall, 15.18% (192/1,265) of the isolates were characterized as MDR strains. All of the MDR A. baumannii isolates carried the bla (OXA51-like) allele. The detection rate of the bla (OXA23-like) and bla (OXA24-like) alleles was 96.35% (185/192) and 0.52% (1/192), respectively. Most of the isolates (185/192, 96.35%) carried genes which encode more than one carbapenemase. This report demonstrated that approximately 15% of A. baumannii clinical isolates in central Taiwan are MDR strains, with most of them harboring multiple carbapenemases. This study provides updated data regarding the prevalence of beta-lactam resistance and genotyping information of carbapenems resistance of A. baumannii in central Taiwan.

Types and Prevalence of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii Complex in Northern Taiwan

“…However, a report from another medical center in northern Taiwan revealed that only 3.4% of CRAB isolates harbored the bla OXA-23 -like gene (11). Reports from 2 hospitals in central Taiwan showed a higher occurrence of the bla OXA-23 -like gene (93% and 96%, respectively) (12,13). Meanwhile, the bla OXA-23 -like gene was less common (0% and 1.1%, respectively) in 2 hospitals in southern Taiwan (14,15).…”

Molecular characterization of clinical multiresistant isolates of Acinetobacter sp. from hospitals in Porto Alegre, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

“…In our study, we found a large number of isolates positive for the bla OXA-51 gene (84%), and results similar to that were found by Wisplinghoff et al 26 , who observed 86% of isolates positive for the bla OXA-51 gene. In many studies, the species A. baumannii is the most prevalent and associated with HAIs, and it is also the species with the highest rate of resistance to antimicrobials [27][28] . Carbapenem resistance in isolates of Acinetobacter sp.…”

Isolation and Identification of Multi-Drug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from a tertiary health care centre of Bangladesh

“…Among three A. baumannii isolates, A. baumannii W2 exhibited resistance to all the representative antibiotics including Meropenem, except Tetracycline ( Figure 1a and Table 2). [8,15,[32][33][34]. Yang [8] attributed the resistance to β-lactams as a result including the production of β-lactamases, changes in penicillin-binding proteins that prevent activities of β-lactam drugs, alterations of porin proteins that result in decreased permeability to antibiotics, and the activity of efflux pumps that decreases the concentration of antibiotics within the bacteria.…”

“…[8,15,[32][33][34]. Yang [8] attributed the resistance to β-lactams as a result including the production of β-lactamases, changes in penicillin-binding proteins that prevent activities of β-lactam drugs, alterations of porin proteins that result in decreased permeability to antibiotics, and the activity of efflux pumps that decreases the concentration of antibiotics within the bacteria. Previous studies have shown that a wide range of extended spectrum betalactamases could be found in A. baumannii clinical isolates [9].…”

“…Some clinicians believe that the recovery of A. baumannii from the hospitalized patient bespeaks serious sickness, with an associated mortality of around 30% [7]. A. baumannii strains resisting minimum three antibiotic classes are considered as multidrug-resistant A. baumannii (MDRAB) [8]. The main mechanisms for confabbing resistance to different antibiotic classes in A. baumannii include multidrug efflux pumps, β-lactamases, permeability defects, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, and target sites' alteration [9,10].…”