Prevalence of Coinfection with Malaria and HIV among Children in Yaound&amp;#233;, Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Survey Performed in Three Communities in Yaound&amp;#233;

Kwenti, Tebit Emmanuel; Edo, E O; Ayuk, Besong S.; Kwenti, Tayong Dizzle Bita

doi:10.4236/ym.2017.13018

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Human immunodeficiency virus infected individuals are at higher risk of malaria and other opportunistic infections because of their compromised immune systems. Sub-Saharan Africa carries a high burden of coinfection with malaria and HIV [2,7,16].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Severe disease is largely caused by Plasmodium falciparum while the disease caused by Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae is generally mild and seldom fatal [14,15]. This infection still remains a life threatening vector borne concern and has a significant role on the economic development of most endemic countries [13,16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2020

IJHMS

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Malaria is still considered globally as a leading cause of morbidity with Nigeria carrying the highest burden of 19%. Coinfection of malaria and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) accelerate disease progression of HIV/AIDS subjects. This study investigated the prevalence and predictors of malaria among HIV infected subjects attending the antiretroviral therapy Clinic at Federal the Medical Centre, Keffi, Nigeria. After ethical clearance, 200 whole blood specimens were collected from patients who gave informed consent and completed a self-structured questionnaire. The specimens were examined for malarial parasite using rapid kits and microscopy. The overall prevalence of the infection was 78/200 (39.0%). The prevalence was higher in male (44.7%) than female (34.0%) subjects. Those subjects aged < 20 years (54.5), male gender (44.7%), non-formal education holders (61.5%), farmers (62.5%), stream water users (48.1%), those that lives in rural setting (43.6%), those that do not use Insecticides Treated Nets (ITNs) (39.4%) and swampy environment dwellers (41.7%) were identified predictors for malaria infection in the area. All the predictors studied did not show any statistically significant difference with the infection but some arithmetic difference exists (P > 0.05). The 39.0% prevalence of malaria in HIV infected subjects is a public health concern. Therefore, Public health surveillance and health education among HIV population should be advocated to help eradicate malaria comes 2030. Further study that will characterize the genes of the parasite should be carried out.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2020

IJHMS

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“…As reported by Antonio-Nkondjio and al. [ 17 ], Plasmodium falciparum is largely the most predominant species found in all parts of the country, accounting for 95% of malaria cases nationwide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HIV prevalence was estimated at 0.2% in children up to 14 years old and 0.7% in those aged 15-19 years old [ 15 ]. Some studies on malaria and HIV co-infection have been conducted in Cameroon [ 16 , 17 ], but few investigated malaria and HIV in children in relation to immunological and hematological parameters [ 18 ]. This study aimed to assess asymptomatic malaria and HIV infections and their effects on anemia and T-cell levels in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Malaria and HIV Infection on Anemia and T-cells Levels in Children in Douala City, Cameroon

Bayoï¹,

Lehman²,

Tonga³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and malaria are priority health issues for sub-Saharan Africa. Both diseases worsen each other through their effect on the immune and hematological systems. This study aimed to determine the effects of HIV infection and asymptomatic malaria on anemia and T-cells counts in children in the city of Douala in the republic of Cameroon. MethodFrom May to November 2016, 197 HIV infected and 98 HIV-free non-febrile children up to 19 years old (128 male and 167 female) participated in the study. All HIV-infected children were receiving antiretroviral treatment and co-trimoxazole. Malaria diagnosis was performed using Giemsa-stained thick blood film; immunological and hematological parameters were assessed through a flow cytometer and an automated analyzer respectively. Chi-squared or Fischer's exact tests was used to compare the proportions, Mann-Whitney and ANOVA tests were used for the means. Statistical significance was set at p˂0.05. ResultsThe prevalence of malaria was 8.8%, and that of anemia was 40.7%. CD4 + -T cells were higher in malariainfected children, both in HIV positive and negative (p=0.049). No significant association was found between malaria parasitemia and CD8 + -T cell levels, both in HIV-positive and negative children (p=0.41). Anemia was higher in HIV-positive children (p=0.019), especially in those with severe immunosuppression (p=0.001) and in younger children (p=0.0083). Children on HIV treatment presented lower malaria prevalence (8.6% versus 10.10%), though the difference was not significant (p=0.7068). Malaria infection was associated with lower hemoglobin levels (10.5±1.7 versus 11.2±1.4; p=0.016). ConclusionMalaria infection may enhance CD4 + -T cells. Both malaria and HIV infection lead to a drop in hemoglobin levels. The HIV treatment protocol may reduce malaria prevalence.

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“…Using the formula for sample size calculation as described by Swinscow [19] the number of pregnant women to participate in the study was determined. Inclusion Criteria: all pregnant women who willingly gave their consent (signed the consent form), where HIV negative, had no underlining haematological condition such as leukaemia or sickle cell were included in the study.…”

Section: Study Design Study Population and Sample Size Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria Parasitaemia and Variations in Haematological Parameters among Pregnant Women in Buea

Nyanga

Wolloh

Yunga

et al. 2020

IJPR

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Background: Malaria is a life threatening parasitic disease that is entirely preventable and curable. Pregnant women are among the most vulnerable groups to this deadly disease. Prompt diagnosis and treatment is needed to reduce morbidity and mortality. Haematological changes that occur during malaria infection have been suggested as a potential predictor that can aid in the diagnosis of malaria infection. Methods: A cross sectional study involving 276 pregnant women with signs and symptoms of malaria was conducted at Regional Hospital Buea (RHB) from April to July 2018. Baselines characteristics of the study population were collected. Blood (4 ml) was collected from each pregnant woman and dispensed into an EDTA tube. Identification of malaria parasite was done using a rapid diagnostic test (Care StartTM). Complete blood count was performed using an automated haematology analyzer (Mindray®, BC-5300). Results: Out of the 276 pregnant women, 98 (35.51%) had malaria. A total of eighty eight (31.88%) of the pregnant women were anaemic, with forty eight (17.4%) being malaria infected and forty (14.5%) non-malaria. The mean (± SD) of total white blood cell count in the malaria infected group was 5.9 (±2.4) and was significantly different (p = 0.039) from that of non-malaria infected (6.7[±1.9]) population. Red blood cells significantly (p = 0.001) decreased in malaria infected patients (3.7 [± 0.6]) as compared to non-malaria infections (4.2 (±1.0). The mean (± SD) of platelets counts in malaria infected group was significantly different from that of non-malaria infected pregnant women. Conclusion: Pregnant women infected with malaria exhibited changes in haematological parameters with low platelets (thrombocytopenia) and Haemoglobin concentration being the most significant predictors of malaria in our study area. These parameters could improve malaria diagnosis when used in combination with other clinical diagnosis.

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Prevalence of Coinfection with Malaria and HIV among Children in Yaoundé, Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Survey Performed in Three Communities in Yaoundé

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

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Effects of Malaria and HIV Infection on Anemia and T-cells Levels in Children in Douala City, Cameroon

Malaria Parasitaemia and Variations in Haematological Parameters among Pregnant Women in Buea

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