Prevalence of Ruminants Gastro-Intestinal Parasites in Kirkuk province, Iraq

Abstract

The present study was established on the slaughtered ruminants in Kirkuk central abattoir between June 1 st till December, 31 st 2015. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites (GIP s) of slaughtered grazing ruminants in Kirkuk province. Fresh faecal specimens (n=276) were obtained from slaughtered grazing ruminants (85 sheep, 71 goats and 120 Cattle) in Kirkuk province. The investigational processing represented as direct and concentration methods were carried out using faecal direct smear, flotation and sedimentation protocol to investigate the fecal specimens to determine eggs/oocysts/trophozoites of the parasites. The obtained data showed that overall prevalence of GIP s among slaughtered ruminants was 78.98%. Six different GIP s species were recognized in the present study, namely: Haemonchus contortus, Strongyloides papillosus, Trichuris spp. Ostertagia spp., Entodinium caudatum, and Eimeria spp. The highest prevalence of GIP s was among goats (91.55%). While, lowest infections was observed among cattle (69.17%). The highest recorded results was Eimeria spp. among adult goats (42.2%), followed by S. papillosus (28.6%) in young sheep. The lowest infection was 5.33% in adult cattle by Trichuris spp. By age groups, young and adult goats showed the most prevalence of GIP s with infection ratio of 93.33% and 88.46%, respectively. Data in the present study revealed that the GIP s prevalent rates among grazing ruminants in Kirkuk province was about 79%. Adult goats seem to be the most infected ruminants GIP s with Eimeria spp., followed by young sheep with S. papillosus. This finding may be due to using unorganized traditional management systems in which huge numbers of the animals are kept together.

diagnosis of protozoa and nematodes in stomach and intestine of sheep in Salah Al- Din Governorate

“…In the present study, the overall prevalence of nematodes parasite was(42%) these finding disagree with [23] in Baghdad(51.94%) and with [24] in Mosul (62.9%) Ten genus of Nematodes were identified in this study ,these result disagree with [25] in the Kirkuk city ,were detected four genus of Nematodes in sheep.…”

IDENTIFICATION OF Strongyloides papillosus AND OTHER GASTROINTESTINAL PARASITES OF CATTLE IN BASRAH PROVINCE

“…The high percentage of gastrointestinal parasites infection in different regions of Basrah province infection without significant difference may be attributed to open grazing in pasture. Through laboratory examination of 255 fecal samples by using direct examination and concentration methods to diagnosis S.papillosus we could detect (7.54 %) while serological examination detect(34.7%) that agrees with [23] reported (35.29%) in Diyala, (9) (11.49%) in mosul province, [8] were (10.7%) in Kirkuk provinc and [24] reported (28.45%) in India while disagree with (10) reported (2.8%) in Basrah province, (24) were observed (3.4% ) in India and (25) were observed (0.49%) in India.…”

“…The present study demonstrated the percentage of the gastrointestinal parasites species depend on sex (Table 7). The percentage of sensitivity and Specifity in ELISA(SS-IgM) kit which estimated as in table (8). Sensitivity % = =100% Specifity % = = 88.8%…”

“…For many years Strongyloides papillosus in particular has been considered to be of doubtful pathogenicity in livestock (3) S.papillosus can infect cattle and sheep through ingestion, skin penetration and lactating ewes milk. Only female worms happen in the small intestine as parasites (4) The Pathogenic influence of the parasite on host is a result of the presence of migrating larvae, which damage the host's tissues mechanically (5) Strongyloides within the Rhabditoidea superfamily are small, only the female worms are parasitic and adult worms produce eggs by the process of parthenogenesis first stage larvae (L1) of parasite are excreted in the hosts' feces (6) Gastrointestinal parasitism caused a disease of different genera of parasites that inhabit the digestive tract of livestock , causing economic losses (7) S. papillosus rate was observed in the cattle 10.7% in Kirkuk province (8), 11.49% in Mosul city (9) and 2.8% in Basrah city (10). Diagnosis of Strongyloides spp.…”

Use of FAMACHA to Detect Anaemia and Control of Gastrointestinal Parasite in Goats of A and N Islands, India

“…is considered to be one of the most common GIN reported in small ruminants (Kaplan et al, 2004;Hassum, 2014;Sivajothi and Reddy, 2018). There are several reports available, in which the prevalence of GIN parasites varied from 50.51-86.05% from different parts of India (Pathak and Pal 2008;Tariq et al, 2010;Choubisa and Jaroli 2013;Gul and Tak, 2016;Dappawar et al, 2018;Verma et al 2018) and similarly from other parts of the world (Ntonifor et al, 2013), Slovakia (95.9%) (Babjak et al, 2017), West Indies (98%) (Chikweto et al, 2018) and Iraq (91.5%) (Hassan and Barzinji 2018). The variation in occurrence of different percent prevalence of GIN parasites might be due to different agro-climatic situations prevailing in the different region and zones.…”