Prevalence of symptoms of dry eye disease in an urban Indian population

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of symptoms of dry eye disease (DED) in an urban population in India. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a two-stage cluster sampling procedure was conducted across 50 municipal wards in the city of Raipur, India, between December 2019 and February 2020, to include 2500 households. Interviewers collected demographic and lifestyle data from participants aged ≥20 years. DED symptoms were assessed using a standard six-item validated questionnaire. The presence of one or more of the six dry eye symptoms often or all the time was considered positive for DED symptoms. Results: In this study, 2378 people completed the survey of whom 1397 (58.7%) were males and 981 (41.3%) were females. The crude and overall age-adjusted prevalence for any positive symptom was 6.5% and 6.8% (95% CI: 5.8–7.8%), respectively. The commonest symptom was red eyes (2.8%) followed by burning sensation (1.8%), foreign body sensation (1.7%), dry eyes (1.2%), gummy eyes (1.2%), and crusts on eyelashes (0.8%). The associated risk factors were female sex, use of digital display, smoking and stay in an air-conditioned environment. Conclusion: The prevalence of DED symptoms in this urban Indian population was less than the prevalence reported in most other population-based studies from outside India, and lower than other hospital-based studies from India. Hence, DED prevalence in India is either lower than current estimates or is non-uniform in distribution.

Association of dry eye disease with smoking: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The included observational studies were published between 2000 and 2021. Among the included studies, four were from India,[ 18 19 20 21 ] five from Japan,[ 22 23 24 25 26 ] two each from the US, Saudi Arabia, and Korea,[ 9 27 28 29 30 31 ] and one each from China, Brazil, Singapore, Indonesia, Australia, Netherlands, and France. [ 7 8 32 33 34 35 36 ] Among included studies, 18 were of cross-sectional and four were of cohort study design.…”

Prevalence, Severity, and Treatment Outcomes of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Patients With Dry Eye Symptoms at a Tertiary Care Center in South India

“…DED broadly refers to a disorder of the ocular surface that results from a compromised tear film. Estimates on its incidence vary, but Indian studies have pegged its prevalence anywhere between 2 and 32% [1,2]. With an aging population, and the increased usage of screens, along with environmental changes, this is only likely to increase [3].…”

Doença do olho seco na era COVID-19: uma revisão de escopo

“…A doença do olho seco (DED, do inglês dry eye disease) é uma patologia multifatorial da superfície ocular que cursa com a perda da homeostase do filme lacrimal e é acompanhada por diversos sintomas oculares (Craig et al, 2017). Olhos vermelhos foi o sintoma mais comum na DED, seguido por sensação de queimação, sensação de corpo estranho e olhos secos, entre outros (Chatterjee et al, 2021). Além disso, a doença atrapalha significativamente as tarefas do dia a dia que necessitem de recursos visuais e concentração por longos períodos, o que pode desencadear quadros de depressão e ansiedade (Wolffsohn et.…”