Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among People Attending Medical Camp in a Community Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes is a health problem on the rise in developing countries like Nepal. Oftenin the suburban and rural areas, patients are diagnosed in the late stages with complications. Theaim of this study is to find out the prevalence of diabetes type 2 in a community hospital of Nepal.
 Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study done in a community hospital from January toMarch of 2019 after ethical clearance (Registration number: 150320192) from the institutional reviewcommittee of Kathmandu Medical College. Convenient sampling technique was used. Glucometerusing glucose sticks is used to measure random blood sugar level and relevant questions were askedin a short interview. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20version.
 Results: Out of a total of 114 people, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus was 5 (4.38%). Amongthose 5 (4.385%) people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 2 (1.75%) were female and 3 (2.63%) were male.The minimum age of the patient was 17 years and the maximum age was 92 years. Five out of 95patients with mild physical activity had random blood sugar more than 200 mg/dl and five out of46 alcoholic patients had random blood sugar levels more than 200 mg/dl. Only 1 out of 26 smokershad a random blood sugar level of more than 200 mg/dl.
 Conclusions: Prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2 in our study population is quite high. Earlydetection of diabetes mellitus type 2 can be a good screening tool for early treatment and preventionof complications.

Diabetes Mellitus among Adult Outpatients Visiting a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

“…The prevalence in our study is similar to a study done during medical camp in Nepal, where 4.38% had similar blood sugar levels. 11 A screening in Haryana, India, had 4% individuals with similar results. 12 The differences in prevalence might be due to different age-groups and approaches of studies, though all were conducted in institutional settings.…”

“… 12 The differences in prevalence might be due to different age-groups and approaches of studies, though all were conducted in institutional settings. Our present study had selected patients using systematic random sampling method from age-group from 40-79 years coming for Eye or ENT consultation over one year, whereas the study in Haryana, India, 12 was confined to a day's screening among all individuals aged 30 and above and study from Nepal, 11 selected all 14-92 years old patients coming to the medical camp setting in a community hospital. All these studies had different age-groups of study participants, different methods of RBS investigation, and different lengths of the study.…”

“…In our study, males were more diabetic than females, which is similar to another study in a community hospital. 11 Though RBS tests are not standard practice and fasting plasma glucose and postprandial plasma glucose are considered more definitive, such screening performed during outpatient visits is relatively inexpensive and convenient without requiring a prior fast. 13 If this screening had not been done, these cases would have been left undetected or detected only after developing symptoms and/or complications of diabetes, given the paucity of symptoms in the early stages of diabetes.…”