“…The most F I G U R E 1 Representative facial, head, and hand features in a child with trisomy 18, from infancy through early adulthood. Images used with permission of the Wilson family [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] common cardiac structural issues associated with trisomy 18 are ventricular septal defects (VSDs) (31%-94%), patent ductus arteriosus (39%-77%), and atrial septal defects (11%-68%) (Emer et al, 2015;Imataka et al, 2016;Kosho et al, 2013;Lin et al, 2006;Maeda et al, 2011;Niedrist et al, 2006;Pont et al, 2006;Springett et al, 2015;Taylor, 1968). Other less common cardiac malformations include coarctation of the aorta (3%-18%), double outlet right ventricle (14%), atrioventricular septal defects (9%), endocardial cushion defect (3%-7%), tricuspid atresia (5%), tetralogy of Fallot (3%-4%), transposition of the great arteries (3%), and hypoplastic left heart (2%-3%) (Imataka et al, 2016;Lin et al, 2006;Maeda et al, 2011;Niedrist et al, 2006;Pont et al, 2006;Springett et al, 2015;Taylor, 1968).…”