Prevention of Defects on the Early Stages of Designing Hardware-Software Complexes on the Basis of the Positions of the Theory of Intersubjective Management

Abstract

Ⱥɧɧɨɬɚɰɢɹ ɋɬɚɬɶɹ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɚ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɸ ɪɨɥɢ ɚɤɬɨɪɚ ɜ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɢ ɷɬɚɥɨɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɧɨ-ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɨɜ (ȺɉɄ). Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɮɨɪ-ɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɨɛɥɢɤɚ ȺɉɄ ɫ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɣ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ. Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ «ɜɪɟɞɧɵɟ» ɢ «ɩɨɥɟɡɧɵɟ» ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ȺɉɄ ɫ ɭɱɺɬɨɦ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ. ɉɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ, ɩɪɢ-ɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɦɧɨɝɨɦɟɪɧɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɚɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ȺɉɄ ɫ ɭɱɺ-ɬɨɦ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɦɧɟɧɢɣ ɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ. ɉɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ ɤ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚ-ɧɢɸ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ȺɉɄ ɨɬ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɯ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɢɝɨɞɧɨɫɬɢ ȺɉɄ ɫ ɭɱɺɬɨɦ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɰɟɧɨɤ ɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ. Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɢɧɬɟɪɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ, ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫ-ɧɨɫɬɶ, ɞɟɮɟɤɬ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɧɨ-ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ, ɚɤɬɨɪ, ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ.ɐɢɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ: Ƚɜɨɡɞɟɜ, ȼ.ȿ. ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɪɚɧɧɢɯ ɫɬɚɞɢɹɯ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɚɩɩɚ-ɪɚɬɧɨ-ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɨɜ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ / ȼ.ȿ. Ƚɜɨɡɞɟɜ, Ⱦ.ȼ. Ȼɥɢɧɨɜɚ, Ʌ.Ɋ. ɑɟɪɧɹɯɨɜɫɤɚɹ // Ɉɧɬɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ. -2016- . -Ɍ. 6, ʋ4(22). -ɋ. 452-464. -DOI: 10.18287/2223- -9537-2016 ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ȼɫɺ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɸɳɚɹ ɪɨɥɶ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧ-ɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɢɥɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨ-ɜɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɤɥɚɞɧɵɯ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ -ɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɧɨ-ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɵɯ ɤɨɦ-ɩɥɟɤɫɨɜ (ȺɉɄ) [1][2][3][4]. Ʉ ɱɢɫɥɭ ɨɩɨɪɧɵɯ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ «ɤɚɱɟ-ɫɬɜɨ» ɢ «ɫɢɦɩɬɨɦɵ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɜ» (ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ ɨɬ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ).ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ ɤ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɭ ɫɢɦɩɬɨɦɨɜ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɜ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɷɬɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɺɬ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɛɚɡɢɫ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɹ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ, ɜɨ-ɩɟɪɜɵɯ, ɨ ɞɟɣ-ɫɬɜɢɹɯ ɩɨ ɥɨɤɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɸ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɜ ɢ, ɜɨ-ɜɬɨɪɵɯ, ɨɛ ɨɛɴɺɦɚɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɜ ɞɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ, ɩɪɢɟɦɥɟɦɨɝɨ ɫ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ [5].ɉɨɧɹɬɢɟ «ɞɟɮɟɤɬ» ɧɟɪɚɡɪɵɜɧɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟɦ «ɛɚɡɨɜɵɣ ɨɛɪɚɡɟɰ» [6], «ɷɬɚɥɨɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɪɚɡɟɰ». ɗɬɨ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɨ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶ ɥɢɲɶ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɫɥɭ-ɱɚɟ, ɟɫɥɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ «ɛɚɡɨɜɵɟ», ɥɢɛɨ «ɷɬɚɥɨɧɧɵɟ» ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ.Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɦ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɟ ɜ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹɯ «ɛɚɡɨɜɵɟ» ɢ «ɷɬɚɥɨɧɧɵɟ» ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ. Ȼɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚɦ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɨɮɢɰɢ-ɚɥɶɧɨ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɺɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɯ [6]. ɗɬɚɥɨɧɧɵɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ Ɉɧɬɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɨɦ ʋ4(22) ȼȿ Ƚɜɨɡɞɟɜ Ⱦȼ Ȼɥɢɧɨɜɚ ɅɊ ɑɟɪɧɹɯɨɜɫɤɚɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɨ ɠɟɥɚɟɦɵɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɯ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ, ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɤɚɤɢɯ-ɥɢɛɨ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɯ.Ɉɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɣ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ: ɛɚɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ; ɛɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ; ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɵɯ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɨɬ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɯ [7]. ɗɬɨ, ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɫɨɡɞɚɺɬ ɨɫɧɨɜɭ ɧɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɭɞɨɺɦɤɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ, ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɭɦ...

Analysis of the GRID’s Basic Topological Structure Reliability

“…), verification and validation. A significant number of publications, manuals and standards are devoted to this theme [9,10,11]  Development of theoretical and methodical bases of the analysis of reliability and safety of info-communication systems of various scale and complexity [1,[12][13][14][15][16]  Development of theoretical basis and tools for designing of error-steady systems [17][18][19][20][21]  Development of theoretical foundations, manuals and decision support tools at the design stage according to the reliability criteria [10,[22][23][24]  Development of methodological, methodical and model bases of a new scientific direction of software defectology [15,25] Analysis of the references allows to make a conclusion, that the task of managing reliability of GRID-systems belongs to the class of tasks of managing complex systems.…”

“…In the wellknown literature [1] it is shown that the concept of "failure" is treated differently depending on the functional architecture of the systems [10], the point of view of the target users group [26], the system's conditions of functioning [27]. The interpretation of the concept of "failure of a part of the GRID system" by stakeholders and target groups of users is based on their subjective idea of the desired consumer properties of the systems [25].…”

Intersubjective Management Theory: Conceptualization of the Subject Area

“…Key points of new theory were presented in [1][2][3][4][5] and supplemented in [6][7][8][9][10]. The theory of intersubjective management was accepted by the part of the scientific community and supported by a number of scientists in their speeches at conferences and published articles [11][12][13][14], but as it usually happens with new trends, concepts, paradigms and theories it also met misunderstanding and generated a scientific discussion.…”

Construction of a Multi-Connected Object Model Object Based on Joint Use of Data and Expert Evaluations

“…Либо вследствие того, что измерения параметров состояния сложных систем ранее не осуществлялись, но для их оценки можно использовать мнение экспертов. В качестве примера можно привести задачи, связанные с управлением дефектами в программных компонентах аппаратно-программных комплексов на разных стадиях их жизненного цикла [1].…”