Prey size spectra and food preferences in thecate heterotrophic dinoflagellates

Naustvoll, Lars-Johan

doi:10.2216/i0031-8884-39-3-187.1

Cited by 73 publications

(51 citation statements)

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“…The failure of Protoperidinium pallidum to respond to the Ceratium bloom is in agreement with experimental results indicating that this species cannot utilize dinoflagellate food for growth (Naustvoll 2000). In the case of P. divergens, it is less easy to account for the lack of a positive response.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…divergens and P. crassipes (Jeong & Latz 1994), but not so far for any other Protoperidinium species specialized in dinoflagellate prey. There is no absolute requirement for dinoflagellate food in P. steinii, since it shows positive but slow growth on diatoms (Naustvoll 2000). It is noteworthy however that the initial fairly high P. steinii population in our study seemed to decline during the Pseudo-nitzschia bloom.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…By contrast, the massive Ceratium bloom in October was the probable reason for the increase in the Protoperidinium steinii population. Naustvoll (2000) previously showed that P. steinii requires dinoflagellate prey, in the form of Heterocapsa triquetra or Prorocentrum micans, for rapid growth in the laboratory. A similar convergence of field and laboratory observations exists for Protoperidinium cf.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted that the increase in abundance of P. steinii from October 13 to October 20 (Fig. 3A) is likely to reflect advection and patchiness as much as it reflects net growth: the increase corresponds to a growth rate of >1 division d -1 , much higher than the highest growth rates measured by Naustvoll (2000) in laboratory experiments on this species.The failure of Protoperidinium pallidum to respond to the Ceratium bloom is in agreement with experimental results indicating that this species cannot utilize dinoflagellate food for growth (Naustvoll 2000). In the case of P. divergens, it is less easy to account for the lack of a positive response.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Among the relatively few Protoperidinium species that have been brought into culture so far, only P. cf. divergens and P. crassipes (Jeong & Latz 1994), and recently P. steinii (Naustvoll 2000), have been shown to grow better on dinoflagellate prey than on diatom prey.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grazing by the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Protoperidinium steinii on a Ceratium bloom

Olseng¹,

Naustvoll²,

Paasche³

2002

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Variations in heterotrophic dinoflagellate populations at a station in the inner Oslofjord, Norway, were studied by sampling at ca 4 d intervals. Cells were concentrated from 1 l samples by filtration before being counted in an inverted microscope. Additional data include autotrophic carbon biomass estimates based on microscopy of the phytoplankton, chlorophyll a (chl a) concentrations, and hydrography. A modest (2 to 4 µg chl a l -1 ) diatom bloom in September was followed by a large (up to 128 µg chl a l -1 ) dinoflagellate bloom in October, dominated by Ceratium furca. Altogether 25 thecate heterotrophic dinoflagellate species were recorded in this study. Their total biomass at all times was <1% of that of the autotrophic phytoplankton. Coinciding with the Ceratium bloom, there was a marked growth in Protoperidinium steinii, with cell numbers reaching > 2000 cells l -1. P. pyriforme, P. brevipes, P. curtipes, and Oblea rotunda showed more modest increases, while no significant response was seen in any of the other 20 heterotrophic dinoflagellates. In incubated plankton samples, we recorded 81 instances of P. steinii feeding on C. furca or on other dinoflagellates. Our study confirms previous laboratory findings suggesting that P. steinii belongs to the limited selection of Protoperidinium species capable of exploiting dinoflagellate prey in the natural environment. KEY WORDS: Oslofjord · Heterotrophic dinoflagellates · Protoperidinium steinii · Grazing · Ceratium furca Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 225: [161][162][163][164][165][166][167] 2002 lius & Kuylenstierna 1996, Matsuyama et al. 1999). This approach was used in a recent investigation of Protoperidinium species in the inner Oslofjord, based on approximate monthly sampling through 1 yr (Kjaeret et al. 2000). The present study from the same area made use of much more closely repeated sampling, carried out over 2 mo in the autumn during which a modest bloom consisting mainly of the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia pseudodelicatissima was succeeded by a large bloom dominated by the dinoflagellate Ceratium furca. Our goal was to see if close sampling combined with observations of live samples could provide more conclusive evidence of predator-prey relationships involving Protoperidinium spp. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe material was collected in the inner Oslofjord at or near the station Nakkholmen (59°53' N, 10°41' E) at time intervals of 2 to 7 d, from September 7 to November 1, 2000. Data on water temperature and salinity were obtained by means of a mini-STD probe. Sampling for chlorophyll a (chl a) was carried out by Niskin bottle casts from the surface to 20 m depth. The samples were filtered onto Whatman GF/C glass fiber filters (pore size ca 1 µm) and extracted with 90% acetone according to Strickland & Parsons (1972) for subsequent analysis in a Turner Designs TD-700 fluorometer. Samples for quantitative microscopy and for observations on live plankton were taken from 2 m depth, suppl...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Grazing by the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Protoperidinium steinii on a Ceratium bloom

Olseng¹,

Naustvoll²,

Paasche³

2002

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Biogeography of dinoflagellate cysts in northwest Atlantic estuaries

Price

Pospelova

Coffin

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Few biogeographic studies of dinoflagellate cysts include the near‐shore estuarine environment. We determine the effect of estuary type, biogeography, and water quality on the spatial distribution of organic‐walled dinoflagellate cysts from the Northeast USA (Maine to Delaware) and Canada (Prince Edward Island). A total of 69 surface sediment samples were collected from 27 estuaries, from sites with surface salinities >20. Dinoflagellate cysts were examined microscopically and compared to environmental parameters using multivariate ordination techniques. The spatial distribution of cyst taxa reflects biogeographic provinces established by other marine organisms, with Cape Cod separating the northern Acadian Province from the southern Virginian Province. Species such as Lingulodinium machaerophorum and Polysphaeridinium zoharyi were found almost exclusively in the Virginian Province, while others such as Dubridinium spp. and Islandinium? cezare were more abundant in the Acadian Province. Tidal range, sea surface temperature (SST), and sea surface salinity (SSS) are statistically significant parameters influencing cyst assemblages. Samples from the same type of estuary cluster together in canonical correspondence analysis when the estuaries are within the same biogeographic province. The large geographic extent of this study, encompassing four main estuary types (riverine, lagoon, coastal embayment, and fjord), allowed us to determine that the type of estuary has an important influence on cyst assemblages. Due to greater seasonal variations in SSTs and SSSs in estuaries compared to the open ocean, cyst assemblages show distinct latitudinal trends. The estuarine context is important for understanding present‐day species distribution, the factors controlling them, and to better predict how they may change in the future.

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Environmental drivers of population variability in colony‐forming marine diatoms

Kenitz

Orenstein

Roberts

et al. 2020

Limnology & Oceanography

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Many aquatic microbes form colonies, yet little is known about their abundance and fitness relative to single-celled taxa. The formation of diatom chains, in particular, has implications for diatom growth, survival, and carbon transfer. Here, we utilize an autonomous underwater microscope, combined with traditional microscopy, to develop a novel, multiyear record of the abundance of single-cell and colony-forming diatoms at Scripps Pier, a coastal location in the Southern California Bight. The total abundance of diatoms was lower during the warmer and more stratified conditions from 2015 to early 2016, but increased in cooler and less stratified conditions in mid-2016 to late 2017. Diatom blooms were dominated by chain-forming taxa, whereas solitary diatoms prevailed during low-biomass conditions. The abundance of dinoflagellates, some of which are important diatom predators, is highest when colonies (chains) are most abundant. These observations of the diatom assemblage are consistent with a trade-off between resource acquisition and predator defenses. Solitary diatom cells dominated during conditions with weak nutrient supply because they have a greater diffusive catchment area per cell in comparison to cells living in colonies. In contrast, during bloom conditions when nutrient supply is high and predators are abundant, forming a colony may reduce predation losses to quickly growing microzooplankton predators, and afford chains a higher fitness despite the costs of sharing resources with neighboring cells. These results highlight the contrasting ecology of single-cell and chain-forming diatoms, and the need to differentiate them in monitoring campaigns and ecological models.

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Prey size spectra and food preferences in thecate heterotrophic dinoflagellates

Cited by 73 publications

References 0 publications

Grazing by the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Protoperidinium steinii on a Ceratium bloom

Grazing by the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Protoperidinium steinii on a Ceratium bloom

Biogeography of dinoflagellate cysts in northwest Atlantic estuaries

Environmental drivers of population variability in colony‐forming marine diatoms

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