Prinsip Kerja Sama pada Tindak Tutur dalam Persidangan di Pengadilan

Abstract

Cooperative Principle on Speech Acts in The TrialsThe objective of this study is to examine the cooperative principle contained in the trials at Banda Aceh District Court. The cooperative principle examined in this study consists of the maxim of quality, the maxim of quantity, the maxim of manner, and the maxim of relevance. Data for the study was drawn from nine court cases involving specific and general crimes. Data collection was carried out by recording the trials with a voice recorder. Triangulation of data was carried out by linking the cooperative principle contained in the trial with the cooperative principle theory and comparing them with the findings of other researchers. The writer concluded that the maxims of quality and quantity contained in the trial are confirmation questions. This is because the judge already knows the answer because it is in the minutes. The defendant's answers were informative and did not exceed the judge's expectations. At the same time, the application of the maxim of the manner in the trial can occur because the information provided regarding the judge's questions is answered by the speech partner clearly and regularly. This is equivalent to the maxim of relevance which requires the exchange of information to be in accordance with the topic expected by the questionnaire.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji prinsip kerja sama yang terdapat dalam persidangan di Pengadilan Negeri Banda Aceh. Prinsip kerja sama yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas maksim kualitas, maksim kuantitas, maksim cara, dan maksim relevansi. Data penelitian berupa sembilan perkara persidangan yang meliputi pidana khusus dan pidana umum yang disidangkan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan merekam persidangan dengan alat bantu perekam suara. Triangulasi data dilakukan dengan cara mengaitkan prinsip kerja sama yang terdapat dalam persidangan dengan teori prinsip kerja sama dan membandingkan dengan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti lainnya. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa maksim kualitas dan kuantitas yang terdapat dalam persidangan merupakan pertanyaan konfirmasi sebab hakim sudah mengetahui jawaban tersebut karena terdapat dalam berita acara. Jawaban yang diberikan oleh terdakwa bersifat informatif dan tidak melebihi ekspektasi hakim. Penerapan maksim cara dalam persidangan terjadi karena informasi yang diberikan dijawab oleh mitra tutur secara jelas dan teratur. Hal itu sejajar dengan maksim relevansi yang mengharuskan pertukaran informasi haruslah sesuai dengan topik yang diharapkan oleh penanya.

The Principle of Cooperation in Service Communication Conversations

“…Like conversations (1) and ( 2), where the officer only answered whether or not the questions asked by students were permissible, this shows that the indicator for compliance with the maxim of quantity is that it should not be excessive. Another indicator is also shown by (Nuthihar et al, 2022) that in complying with the maxim of quantity, the answers in the conversation must be very informative according to what is needed. This means that the target conversation answer must be precise and correct; at most, it is allowed to be what is needed.…”

The Aapplication of Cooperation Principles on Bahtsul Masa'il Activities at Islamic Boarding School Darussalam Blokagung: Pragmatic Studies

“…Thirdly, Nuthihar et al (2022) examined the application of the maxims of quality, quantity, manner, relevance, and cooperation in hearings at the District Court of Banda Aceh. This study found unfulfilled indicators required in the principle of cooperation.…”