Probing the nanoscale electro-optical properties in ferroelectrics

Otto, Tobias; Grafström, S.; Chaib, H.; Eng, Lukas M.

doi:10.1063/1.1647705

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] In those applications, it is critical to understand ferroelectric domain orientations and domain switching through external stimulation, where the domain orientations have an intense influence on ferroelectric properties and the fluctuation of domain volume fractions due to domain switching or backswitching dominates the efficiency and stability of ferroelectric devices. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Therefore, the precise determination of ferroelectric domain orientations and their volume fractions is required not only in view of ferroelectric device engineering but also in the corresponding physics mechanism, such as fatigue and retention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of domain distributions by second harmonic generation in ferroelectrics

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2018

npj Comput Mater

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Domain orientations and their volume ratios in ferroelectrics are recognized as a compelling topic recently for domain switching dynamics and domain stability in devices application. Here, an optimized second harmonic generation method has been explored for ferroelectric domain characterization. Combing a unique theoretical model with azimuth-polarization-dependent second harmonic generation response, the complex domain components and their distributions can be rigidly determined in ferroelectric thin films. Using the proposed model, the domain structures of rhombohedral BiFeO 3 films with 71°and 109°domain wall, and, tetragonal BiFeO 3 , Pb(Zr 0.2 Ti 0.8 )O 3 , and BaTiO 3 ferroelectric thin films are analyzed and the corresponding polarization variants are determined. This work could provide a powerful and all-optical method to track and evaluate the evolution of ferroelectric domains in the ferroelectric-based devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of domain distributions by second harmonic generation in ferroelectrics

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2018

npj Comput Mater

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“…Because of the symmetry of the optical indicatrix, regions of opposite polarization cannot be distinguished by linear optics. Nonlinear effects, however, such as secondharmonic generation (Dolino, 1973) or the electro-optic effect (Hubert and Levy, 1997;Otto et al, 2004) revealed the eccentricity of the crystal. Regarding materials, lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 ) and lithium tantalate (LiTaO 3 ) emerged as key technological materials for photonic applications (se Fig.…”

Section: Optical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Domain wall nanoelectronics

et al. 2012

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Domains in ferroelectrics were considered to be well understood by the middle of the last century: They were generally rectilinear, and their walls were Ising-like. Their simplicity stood in stark contrast to the more complex Bloch walls or Néel walls in magnets. Only within the past decade and with the introduction of atomic-resolution studies via transmission electron microscopy, electron holography, and atomic force microscopy with polarization sensitivity has their real complexity been revealed. Additional phenomena appear in recent studies, especially of magnetoelectric materials, where functional properties inside domain walls are being directly measured. In this paper these studies are reviewed, focusing attention on ferroelectrics and multiferroics but making comparisons where possible with magnetic domains and domain walls. An important part of this review will concern device applications, with the spotlight on a new paradigm of ferroic devices where the domain walls, rather than the domains, are the active element. Here magnetic wall microelectronics is already in full swing, owing largely to the work of Cowburn and of Parkin and their colleagues. These devices exploit the high domain wall mobilities in magnets and their resulting high velocities, which can be supersonic, as shown by Kreines' and co-workers 30 years ago. By comparison, nanoelectronic devices employing ferroelectric domain walls often have slower domain wall speeds, but may exploit their smaller size as well as their different functional properties. These include domain wall conductivity (metallic or even superconducting in bulk insulating or semiconducting oxides) and the fact that domain walls can be ferromagnetic while the surrounding domains are not.

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“…To date, several optical techniques have been successfully applied for ferroelectric domain characterization and inspection, such as Raman spectroscopy [13,14], electrooptical near-field microscopy [15], defect-luminescence microscopy [16], near-field second-harmonic generation (SHG) * thomas.kaempfe@iapp.de microscopy [17], nonlinear Talbot imaging [18], optical coherence tomography [19], and Cherenkov-type SHG (CSHG) [20]. Although near-field SHG and electro-optical microscopy perform at an ultrahigh resolution beyond the diffraction limit, they constitute scanning probe techniques with a high surface sensitivity but a low penetration depth.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical three-dimensional profiling of charged domain walls in ferroelectrics by Cherenkov second-harmonic generation

Kämpfe

Reichenbach²,

Schröder³

et al. 2014

Phys. Rev. B

Self Cite

104

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Cherenkov second-harmonic generation (CSHG) is a powerful tool for three-dimensional domain wall profiling in ferroic bulk crystals. Here, we apply this noninvasive technique for tracking head-to-head charged domain walls (CDWs) across millimeter-thick ferroelectric single-crystalline lithium niobate. CSHG sensitively reveals the inclination α > 0 of any such CDW with a superb optical resolution. Moreover, we deduce fully charged head-to-head CDWs (α = 90 • ) to be much rougher and to show protrusions, domain inclusions, and novel topologies. Our findings provide insight into the mechanisms of electron transport and charge trapping in CDWs, as is mandatory for their use in prospective nanoelectronic devices.

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Probing the nanoscale electro-optical properties in ferroelectrics

Cited by 25 publications

References 16 publications

Characterization of domain distributions by second harmonic generation in ferroelectrics

Characterization of domain distributions by second harmonic generation in ferroelectrics

Domain wall nanoelectronics

Optical three-dimensional profiling of charged domain walls in ferroelectrics by Cherenkov second-harmonic generation

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