Probiotic gut effect prevents the chronic psychological stress‐induced brain activity abnormality in mice

Ait-Belgnaoui, Afifa; Colom, André; Braniste, Viorica; Ramalho, Ludovic; Marrot, Alain; Cartier, Christel; Houdeau, Eric; Theodorou, V.; Tompkins, Thomas A.

doi:10.1111/nmo.12295

Cited by 356 publications

(266 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…These findings are supported by our previous study showing that the combination of the 2 probiotics attenuates the stress response by modulating neuronal plasticity in specific brain areas. 25 The effect of B.longum or L. helveticus probiotic treatment on the adverse stressful events, particularly on the visceral pain induced by chronic stress, depends on the glucocorticoid negative feedback regulation of the HPA axis. Finally, the combination of 2 probiotics (B. longum and L. helveticus) has a better antinociceptive effect than the probiotic alone (B. longum or L. helveticus).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25 Briefly, the mice were placed individually during a 1-hour period on a plastic platform positioned in the middle of a basin filled with room temperature water. The procedure was repeated for 4 consecutive days.…”

Section: Chronic Stress Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These data suggest that the potential central regulation of stress response by the combination of the 2 probiotics may be due to the regulation of glucocorticoid negative feedback of the HPA axis. 25 In the current study, we aim to determine whether the attenuated effect of the stress response is due to a specific probiotic strain or to their combined actions. For this purpose, we evaluated the neuroendocrine response to stress and GR expression in specific brain areas.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Bifidobacterium longum and Lactobacillus helveticus Synergistically Suppress Stress-related Visceral Hypersensitivity Through Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Modulation

Ait-Belgnaoui

Payard

Rolland

et al. 2018

J Neurogastroenterol Motil

102

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Background/AimsVisceral pain and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) dysregulation is a common characteristic in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. Previously, we reported that a probiotic formulation (Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R0175) prevents chronic stress-mediated brain function abnormalities by attenuating the HPA axis response. Here, we compared the effect between different probiotic treatments on the perception of visceral pain during colorectal distension (CRD) following a chronic stress and the consequences to the activity of the HPA axis. MethodsAfter a 2-week treatment with a combined probiotic formulation, or L. helveticus or B. longum alone in stressed mice, the visceral pain in response to CRD was recorded. The expression of glucocorticoid receptors was determined in the different brain areas involved in the stress response (hypothalamus, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex). The plasma levels of stress hormones were also measured. ResultsA pretreatment using the combination of probiotic formulation significantly reduces the chronic stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity respectively at 0.06, 0.08, and 0.10 mL CRD volume. However, a single probiotic (B. longum or L. helveticus) administration is less effective in reducing visceral pain in stressed mice. Moreover, the expression of the glucocorticoid receptor mRNA was consistently up-regulated in several brain areas after pretreatment with a combined probiotic, which correlated with the normalization of stress response compared to the inconsistent effects of a single probiotic. ConclusionThe combination of L. helveticus and B. longum is more effective in regulating glucocorticoid negative feedback on the HPA axis than probiotic alone and subsequently in treating stress-induced visceral pain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chronic Stress Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bifidobacterium longum and Lactobacillus helveticus Synergistically Suppress Stress-related Visceral Hypersensitivity Through Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Modulation

Ait-Belgnaoui

Payard

Rolland

et al. 2018

J Neurogastroenterol Motil

102

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“…Previous animal studies have demonstrated that the administration of probiotics maintains mucosal barrier function under stressful situations (6,7) and mitigates stress-induced glucocorticoid and inflammatory cytokine responses in association with a reduction of depression-and anxiety-related behavior (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Probiotics have also been shown to reduce the mRNA expression of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor and c-Fos in the brain (10,12), possibly by modulating the gut-brain axis via vagal pathways (10,11). Clinical trials have demonstrated that probiotics have beneficial effects by alleviating psychological distress in healthy subjects (9) and normalizing the stress-induced reduction of natural killer (NK) cell numbers (13) and gastrointestinal symptoms (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fermented Milk Containing Lactobacillus casei Strain Shirota Preserves the Diversity of the Gut Microbiota and Relieves Abdominal Dysfunction in Healthy Medical Students Exposed to Academic Stress

Kato-Kataoka

Nishida

Takada

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

219

174

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Stress-induced abdominal dysfunction is an attractive target for probiotics. To investigate the effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota on abdominal dysfunction, a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted with healthy medical students undertaking an authorized nationwide examination for academic advancement. For 8 weeks, until the day before the examination, 23 and 24 subjects consumed an L. casei strain Shirota-fermented milk and a placebo milk daily, respectively. In addition to assessments of abdominal symptoms, psychophysical state, and salivary stress markers, gene expression changes in peripheral blood leukocytes and composition of the gut microbiota were analyzed using DNA microarray analysis and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequence analysis, respectively, before and after the intervention. Stress-induced increases in a visual analog scale measuring feelings of stress, the total score of abdominal dysfunction, and the number of genes with changes in expression of more than 2-fold in leukocytes were significantly suppressed in the L. casei strain Shirota group compared with those in the placebo group. A significant increase in salivary cortisol levels before the examination was observed only in the placebo group. The administration of L. casei strain Shirota, but not placebo, significantly reduced gastrointestinal symptoms. Moreover, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing demonstrated that the L. casei strain Shirota group had significantly higher numbers of species, a marker of the alpha-diversity index, in their gut microbiota and a significantly lower percentage of Bacteroidaceae than the placebo group. Our findings indicate that the daily consumption of probiotics, such as L. casei strain Shirota, preserves the diversity of the gut microbiota and may relieve stress-associated responses of abdominal dysfunction in healthy subjects exposed to stressful situations. IMPORTANCEA novel clinical trial was conducted with healthy medical students under examination stress conditions. It was demonstrated that the daily consumption of lactic acid bacteria provided health benefits to prevent the onset of stress-associated abdominal symptoms and a good change of gut microbiota in healthy medical students. The gut microbiota, a large, diverse, and dynamic ecosystem that generates cross talk between the gut and host, can communicate with the host by modulating the gut-brain axis, which is a bidirectional neurohumoral communication system between the gut and brain. That is, signals from the brain modify the motor, sensory, and secretory modalities of the gastrointestinal tract; in turn, signals from the gut can affect emotional behavior and stress and pain modulation systems through neural, endocrine, and immune pathways (1-3). Thus, the gut-brain axis has now been expanded to the microbiota-gut-brain axis (3).It is particularly interesting to consider the possibility that probiotics (4), which are live microorganisms, can affect emotion in health and disease by modulating the microbiota-g...

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“…Further indications of microbiota influence on brain processes and behaviors have come from reports showing that probiotics attenuated anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors and limited plasma corticosterone elevations and IL-10 reductions as well as the hippocampal monoamine (5-HT and NE) reductions elicited by a chronic restraint stressor in rats [41]. Probiotics also prevented impairments of neurogenesis and BDNF changes elicited by stressors [42].…”

Section: Microbiota-gut-brain Axis and Links With Stress-related Disomentioning

confidence: 96%

Inflammation and the microbiome: implications for depressive disorders

Hayley

Audet

Anisman

2016

Current Opinion in Pharmacology

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Probiotic gut effect prevents the chronic psychological stress‐induced brain activity abnormality in mice

Cited by 356 publications

References 54 publications

Bifidobacterium longum and Lactobacillus helveticus Synergistically Suppress Stress-related Visceral Hypersensitivity Through Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Modulation

Bifidobacterium longum and Lactobacillus helveticus Synergistically Suppress Stress-related Visceral Hypersensitivity Through Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Modulation

Fermented Milk Containing Lactobacillus casei Strain Shirota Preserves the Diversity of the Gut Microbiota and Relieves Abdominal Dysfunction in Healthy Medical Students Exposed to Academic Stress

Inflammation and the microbiome: implications for depressive disorders

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