2017
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.10.013
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Produced water treatment by membranes: A review from a colloidal perspective

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Cited by 363 publications
(187 citation statements)
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“…Indeed, the oil droplets on the membrane surface can coalesce and form a continuous layer on the surface. Oil can also form a liquid lining inside the pores, reducing the effective pore radius . Table shows the average permeate quality and corresponding rejection rates in terms of turbidity, TOC, and hydrocarbon (HC) content.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Indeed, the oil droplets on the membrane surface can coalesce and form a continuous layer on the surface. Oil can also form a liquid lining inside the pores, reducing the effective pore radius . Table shows the average permeate quality and corresponding rejection rates in terms of turbidity, TOC, and hydrocarbon (HC) content.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Over 40 % of produced water is believed to be discharged into the environment 3) , so the discharge of produced water into the environment is a global issue. To reduce the levels of contaminants to satisfy national environmental regulations and to recycle produced water, various treatment technologies, including conventional methods such as hydrocyclones, membranes, adsorbents, and separation by floating or precipitation, have been adopted for the treatment of produced water 4), 5) . Some technologies have been combined according to the composition of the produced water.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This results in a mixture of saline water and hydrocarbons, named "produced water" [1] whose discharge could be of great environmental impact. Basically, Dickhout et al (2017) [2] in a recent review, define produced water as an oil-in-water emulsion, where the oily phase is dispersed in the aqueous phase, stabilized by surfactants. The composition of product water is highly variable with the oil field ages.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Even though several studies have been carried out about produced water treatment [1,2,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], shipboard slops wastewater treatment is a topic worthy of further investigation also in light of the lack of information and research articles regarding their treatment [5][6][7]. Among the difficulties relating to the treatment of such wastewater, the characterization is a first obstacle related to the proper nature of wastewater, rich in floating oils and emulsified phases [5], which hinds the repeatability and the reproducibility of analytical methods.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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