Producing Particulate Composite Using 3D Printing Plastics Waste

Al-Mazrouei, Noura; Siraj, Sidra; Al‐Marzouqi, Ali H.; Ahmed, Waleed

doi:10.1109/aset53988.2022.9734996

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, the CF composite at 20% demonstrated significantly higher ultimate strength, with around 10% more than the CFRP for the same reinforcement percentage. Still, for the 10%, the CFRP is 7% higher than the CF, whereas the ductility for the CFRP composites possesses higher values due to the expired impregnated epoxy in the prepreg leftover pieces [ 87 , 88 , 89 ]. A reduction of 18.4% in the ultimate tensile strength of the recycled PLA concerning the commercial PLA 3D Printing Ultimaker filament properties (UTS = 45.6 MPa) has been estimated [ 90 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Fiber/PLA Recycled Composite

et al. 2022

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Due exceptional properties such as its high-temperature resistance, mechanical characteristics, and relatively lower price, the demand for carbon fiber has been increasing over the past years. The widespread use of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers or plastics (CFRP) has attracted many industries. However, on the other hand, the increasing demand for carbon fibers has created a waste recycling problem that must be overcome. In this context, increasing plastic waste from the new 3D printing technology has been increased, contributing to a greater need for recycling efforts. This research aims to produce a recycled composite made from different carbon fiber leftover resources to reinforce the increasing waste of Polylactic acid (PLA) as a promising solution to the growing demand for both materials. Two types of leftover carbon fiber waste from domestic industries are handled: carbon fiber waste (CF) and carbon fiber-reinforced composite (CFRP). Two strategies are adopted to produce the recycled composite material, mixing PLA waste with CF one time and with CFRP the second time. The recycled composites are tested under tensile test conditions to investigate the impact of the waste carbon reinforcement on PLA properties. Additionally, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is carried out on composites to study their thermal properties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Fiber/PLA Recycled Composite

et al. 2022

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“…Using additive manufacturing technology to produce sandwich sections components with multi-layer materials faces industrial challenges as well as safety concerns that are related to inclusions that could exist during the printing process, and this could be very serious and a real problem, especially with recycled material that comes from different resources [73][74][75], whether from 3D Printing waste or customized filaments that is reinforced with particles or fibers [76][77][78]. In this study, a fine-element model was used to investigate the impact of inclusions on the mechanical characteristics of 3D-printed composite sandwich beams that could initiate when printing the layers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Impact of Inclusions on the Behavior of 3D-Printed Composite Sandwich Beams

2022

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In this study, a finite element model was developed, and a detailed analysis was carried out to investigate the impact of inclusions on the mechanical characteristics of a 3D-printed composite sandwich beam that could initiate when printing the layers, especially during the transition period between the dissimilar material that would affect the interfacial strength between the layers that would cause the failure of the 3D-printed beams. Several parameters that could influence the failure mechanism have been investigated. These parameters include the location, size, material properties, and interfacial location of the inclusion along the beam. Linear elastic behavior has been adopted in this finite element analysis using the ‘Ansys’ simulation tool to model and analyze the defective beams compared to the intact ones. The effects of defects related to maximum shear stress (MSS) and maximum principal stress (MAPS) were investigated. The results revealed that the midpoint of the composite is highly stressed (31.373 MPa), and the concentration of stress decreases outward as we move toward the edges of the composite to reach zero at the edges. For the intact case, the deformation was maximum at the center of the composite (4.9298 mm) and zero at both ends of the beam. The MSS was highest at the center (23.284 MPa) and decreased gradually as we approached the ends on both sides to reach 0.19388 MPa at the edges, making the shear stress distribution symmetrical. The MAPS is constant throughout the beam apart from the lower face of the beam and is maximum at the face material. The MSS is high at the endpoints where we have the support reactions, which may weaken the entire material’s mechanical properties. It was also observed that along the load L3 (applied at 2 mm from the top face of the beam), the MSS values decrease as we move away from the center, which may cause failure at the end of the beam. It was also noticed that the presence of inclusions along load L2 (applied at 2 mm from the bottom face of the beam) initially causes a sharp decrease in MAPS while moving away from the center, at 25 mm, while the MAPS increases as it approaches the end of the beam. This increase in the MAPS near the beam support might be due to the reaction of the fixed support, which tends to oppose the applied flexural load and hence increases the principal stress capability of the beam.

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“…Due to its high thermal stability, high durability, and unreactive nature, silica is used in various fields such as in 3D printing, construction, textile, electronic applications, etc. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Using UAE's sand in writing paper applications can be cost-effective and produce more eco-friendly sheets compared to wood-based paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Mechano-Chemical Characterization of Polymer Composite Sheets Filled with Silica Microparticles with Potential in Printing Industry

2022

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Polymer composite sheets using a low-cost filler (local natural sand) and polymer (high-density polyethylene, HDPE) as a replacement of the traditionally used wood-fiber-based sheets for paper-based applications were developed. The sand/polymer composite sheets were prepared by melt extrusion in a melt blender followed by compression molding. The effects of varying particle size, concentration, and the use of a compatibilizer (polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydride) was studied on the mechano-chemical performance properties of the composite sheets such as morphology, thermal and mechanical properties, and wettability characteristics used in the printing industry. In terms of thermal stability, filler (sand) or compatibilizer addition did not alter the crystallization, melting, or degradation temperatures significantly, thereby promoting good thermal stability of the prepared sheets. Compatibilization improved anti-wetting property with water. Additionally, for the compatibilized sheets prepared from 25 µm sand particles, at 35 wt%, the contact angle with printing ink decreased from 44° to 38.30°, suggesting improved ink-wetting performance. A decrease in the elastic modulus was also observed with the addition of the compatibilizer, with comparable results to commercial stone paper. Results from this study will be considered as a first step towards understanding compatibility of local natural sand and polymers for paper-based application.

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Producing Particulate Composite Using 3D Printing Plastics Waste

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Carbon Fiber/PLA Recycled Composite

Carbon Fiber/PLA Recycled Composite

Investigating the Impact of Inclusions on the Behavior of 3D-Printed Composite Sandwich Beams

Development and Mechano-Chemical Characterization of Polymer Composite Sheets Filled with Silica Microparticles with Potential in Printing Industry

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