Production and Biomedical Applications of Probiotic Biosurfactants

Abstract

Biosurfactants have been widely used for environmental and industrial applications. However, their use in medical field is still limited. Probiotic biosurfactants possess an immense antimicrobial, anti-adhesive, antitumor, and antibiofilm potential. Moreover, they have an additional advantage over conventional microbial surfactants because probiotics are an integral part of normal human microflora and their biosurfactants are innocuous to human. So, they can be effectively exploited for medicinal use. Present review is aimed to discourse the production and biomedical applications of probiotic biosurfactants.

Production of biosurfactant by lactic acid bacteria using whey as growth medium

“…The present results with regard to lactose and protein content are lower than the results in the literature. Researchers mainly concentrated on Pseudomonas and Bacillus species for biosurfactant studies but recent papers revealed biosurfactants produced using lactic acid bacteria [1,4,7]. The potential of lactic acid bacteria regarding biosurfactant production is dependent on cultivation conditions (growth medium composition, temperature, growth phase of culture, aeration, agitation, and pH) and species [6].…”

“…According to the ring method, surface tension was determined by evaluating the surface tension of pure water (72 mN/m). An effective biosurfactant should decrease this value to 30 mN/m [1,5]. Various factors such as pH, salinity, and temperature that are effective on biosurfactant activity also affect the surface tension properties of the biosurfactant.…”

“…biosurfactant producers. Lactic acid bacteria reported as biosurfactant producers consist of Lactobacillus strains (L. helveticius, L. pentosus, L. lactis, L. plantarum, L. rhamnosus, L. acidophilus, L. fermentum, L. casei, L. paracasei, L. jensenii, L. reuteri, L. gasseri, L. delbrueckii, L. gallinarum, L. amylovorus, and L. crispatus), Bifidobacterium strains (B. adolescentis, B. animalis, B. bifidum, B. infantis, B. longum, B. essencis, B. breve, and B. lactis), and other lactic acid bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Streptococcus thermophilus, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Pediococcus acidilactici, and Lactococcus lactis) [1,[10][11][12][13][14].…”

Anticarcinogenecity of microbiota and probiotics in breast cancer

“…[14] Number of gut bacteria exceed the total number of host's eukaryotic cells and impart various health benefits. [15] This gut flora mainly consists of probiotic bacteria and migrates to other parts of body especially in breast of lactating females but the transport mechanism from gut to breast is still unknown. [16] Probiotics means "for life" or an antonym for antibiotics [17] , when taken in sufficient amount, viable and non-disease causing microorganisms (bacteria or yeasts) impart health benefits via preclusion (prevention) and cure of particular pathological disorders or can lessen the possibility of disease to host are referred as probiotics.…”

“…[21] Most of these bacterial species reside in human intestine. [15] The only probiotic yeast employed is the nonpathogenic Saccharomyces boulardii. [22,23] LAB and certain non-LAB probiotics are generally recognized as safe organisms which can be securely used for medical or veterinary purpose.…”