Production of Low-Phosphorus Molten Iron from High-Phosphorus Oolitic Hematite Using Biomass Char

Abstract

In this study, an energy-saving and environmentally friendly method to produce low-phosphorus molten iron from high-phosphorus oolitic hematite was experimentally investigated and theoretically analyzed. The results indicate that biomass char is a suitable reducing agent for the proposed method. In the direct reduction stage, the ore-char briquette reached a metallization degree of 80-82% and a residual carbon content of 0.1-0.3 mass%. Under the optimized condition, phosphorus remained in the gangue as calcium phosphate. In the melting separation stage, phosphorus content ([%P]) in molten iron could be controlled by introducing a Na 2 CO 3 additive, and the phosphorus behavior could be predicted using ion molecular coexistence theory. Molten iron with [%P] less than 0.3 mass% was obtained from the metallic briquettes with the aforementioned quality by introducing 2-4% Na 2 CO 3 and the iron recovery rate was 75-78%.

Fe-Assisted Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Producing High-Grade Bio-Oil

“…Regeneration and Reuse of Fe. Iron oxide can be reduced to metallic iron using biomass char 28 or biomass waste, such as sugar pine sawdust, 29 rice husk, 30 and palm kernel shells. 31 Because biomass wastes are renewable resources and CO 2 neutral, they are not only cost-effective but also ecofriendly as a reductant source.…”

Modeling and Experimental Study of Ore-Carbon Briquette Reduction under CO–CO2 Atmosphere

“…The iron ore sample was from Tangshan Iron and Steel Company (Tangshan), China. The carbonaceous reductant sample was prepared by carbonizing the biochar under 1273 K for 1 h. The chemical composition of the employed biochar is given in [29]. Chemical composition of the ore sample is listed in Table 1.…”

“…where f 4 = 1.0 − ρ C /ρ C,0 and k 4 = 1.8 × 10 3 exp(−139000/RT) [29]. The rate of the reaction given in Equation (5) is Equation (21) [37].…”

Growth Kinetics of Metallic Iron Phase in Coal-based Reduction of Oolitic Iron Ore

“…The oolitic iron ore is such a low grade mineral deposit with a huge reserve, and the ultrafine iron minerals are intimately disseminated in the gangue minerals forming a special concentric and layered oolitic texture. 3,4) In addition, the phosphorus content of oolitic iron ore is usually high (0.4%-1.8%). Therefore, conventional mineral beneficiation processes are less effective in producing the concentrate from oolitic iron ores suitable for ironmaking.…”