Proliferation of fibroblasts and endothelial cells is enhanced by treatment with Phyllocaulis boraceiensis mucus

Abstract

Previously, mucus of some molluscs has been studied as a potential source of new natural compounds capable of inducing cell proliferation and of remodelling tissue. Here, the focus of the study is possible use of mucus released by Phyllocaulis boraceiensis - a compound inducing cell proliferation and enhancing collagen synthesis in dermal fibroblasts and inducing proliferation human endothelial cell cultures. Fibroblasts treated with P. boraceiensis mucus at concentrations below 0.012 μg/μl developed high rates of proliferation, as evaluated using MTT assay; the proliferative effect was dose-dependent. Production and secretion of extracellular matrix components and collagen type I fibres were enhanced after 24 h of treatment, revealing a hormesis effect, biphasic dose response - low dose for proliferation yet toxic at high dose. No significant change in proliferation was observed in treated endothelial cells and production of lipid polyunsaturated free radicals was low in both cell types. Treatment with P. boraceiensis mucus produced pronounced changes in fibroblast cell number and morphology, and in quantities of well-ordered collagen deposition. These results support the premise that Phyllocaulis boraceiensis mucus demonstrates proliferative properties in cells involved in the healing process.

Fibroblasts and Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Are Phenotypically Indistinguishable

“…Neonatal foreskin dermal fibroblasts (PCS-201-010; denoted as “Foreskin FB 1” in the text) [27,28] and embryonic lung fibroblasts (IMR-90; denoted as “Lung FB” in the text) [29] were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and cultured according to protocols recommended by ATCC. A second strain of neonatal foreskin dermal fibroblasts (AH1F; denoted as “Foreskin FB 2” in the text) [30] was derived originally by Dr. Lynn Allen-Hoffmann at the University of Wisconsin [31].…”

Angiogenesis enhanced by Phyllocaulis boraceiensis mucus in human cells

“…Also, the production and secretion of ECM components and collagen type I fibers was enhanced after 24 h of treatment, revealing a biphasic dose response, a proliferative low dose, and a toxic high dose. These results demonstrate that the treatment with P. boraceiensis mucus produces pronounced changes in fibroblast cell number and morphology and in the amount of well-ordered collagen deposition [15]. This same product was used in essays of cicatrization, and it was shown that mice subjected to a dorsal incision and treated daily with a ointment composed of P. boraceiensis mucus demonstrated a more efficient healing process and wound closure after application of 0.012 lgÁlL À1 P. boraceiensis mucus [16].…”

“…Proliferation of endothelial cells and fibroblasts was observed from 48 h after treatment with P. boraceiensis mucus, showing that this compound acts as an inducer of proliferation, suggesting that, once it has induced an increase in cell proliferation, all correlated factors will increase, as shown by the results reported here. The authors also present images of endothelial cell cultures treated with P. boraceiensis mucus forming blood vessels, which is clear evidence of angiogenesis .…”

“…They were centrifuged at 324 000 g twice and rehydrated in culture medium, and the cell concentration was adjusted to 5 × 10 5 cells·mL −1 . After cells had been transferred to 96‐well plates, they were allowed 24 h to adhere to the plate and reach confluence, and treated with P. boraceiensis mucus at extreme concentrations that showed significant responses in proliferation assays: these concentrations were 0.012 μg·μL −1 (proliferative dose) and 0.18 μg·μL −1 (cytotoxic dose) . These concentrations were evaluated for induction of the healing process and hindrance of it, respectively, when applied in mice subjected to a 1‐cm 2 dorsal incision and treated with a ointment composed of papain cream enriched with mucus .…”

Extracellular Matrix-Liposomes: A Novel Vehicle for Tissue Regenerative Wound Healing

“…2c shows that trypsinized HDFn cells had limited attachment to the culture dish. However, when delivered by using the FN-SUV system, the number of active broblasts (seen as spindle-shaped cells with long lamellipodia) increased signi cantly 25 . A quantitative comparison of cell attachment among the experimental groups was performed by calculating the total area of attached cells, as shown in Fig.…”