This study was intended to detect the polymorphism of bone morphogenetic
protein 15 (BMP15) gene that can act as marker influencing fertility for
increasing litter size in Egyptian sheep breeds (191 Saidi and 145 Ossimi
females). In this study, the mean litter size, showed highly significant
between Saidi and Ossimi sheep breads, however, litter size of Saidi white
sheep was significantly decreased compared to black and brown. Blood samples
were collected from 19 Saidi and 13 Ossimi female and then genomic DNA was
extracted. A portion of bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) gene, 310 bp
was amplified using specific primers, and was sequenced and analyzed to
clarify the phylogenetic relationship of Egyptian breed sheep. The data
suggested that the gene shared a similarity in sequence compared to 9
accession numbers of Ovis aries found in GenBank. Molecular phylogenetic
analyses were performed based on nucleotide sequences in order to examine the
position of the Egyptian breeds among many other sheep breeds. The results
indicate that 5 accession numbers of Ovis aries are closely related with
Ossimi and Saidi female that produce single or twins lamb in UPGMA analysis.
In addition, PCR-RFLP method using Pst1 and Msp1 restriction enzymes was used
to mask polymorphisms of partial exon 2 in 18 female sheep. Results showed
that FecX gene was monomorphic and disagreement with litter size, therefore,
it is indispensable to survey other gene in order to establish marker
assisted selection technique.