Properties of the Driving Behavior Survey among individuals with motor vehicle accident-related posttraumatic stress disorder

Abstract

Data suggest anxious drivers may engage in problematic behaviors that place themselves and others at increased risk of negative traffic events. Three domains of problematic behavior – exaggerated safety/caution, performance deficits, and hostile/aggressive behaviors – previously were identified during development of the Driving Behavior Survey (DBS), a novel measure of anxiety-related behavior. Extending this research, the current study examined the psychometric properties of DBS scores among individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) subsequent to motor vehicle trauma (N = 40). Internal consistencies and 12-week test-retest reliabilities for DBS scales ranged from good to excellent. Comparison of scores to normative student data indicated dose-response relationships for safety/caution and performance deficit subscales, with increased frequency of anxious behavior occurring within the PTSD sample. Associations with standard clinical measures provide additional evidence for anxiety-related driving behavior as a unique marker of functional impairment, distinct from both avoidance and disorder-specific symptoms.

The Driving Behavior Survey as a Measure of Behavioral Stress Responses to MVA-Related PTSD

“…Items are rated on a 1 to 7 Likert-type scale with higher mean scores indicating greater frequency of anxious behavior. As previously noted, the DBS subscales have shown strong internal validity and consistency as well as convergent associations in prior research with both college and treatment-seeking samples (Clapp, Baker, Litwack, Sloan, & Beck, 2014; Clapp, Olsen, Beck, et al, 2011; Clapp, Olsen, Danoff-Burg, et al, 2011). DBS subscales were calculated by averaging the scores across the seven items in each behavioral dimension.…”

Ansiedade em Provas: um Estudo na Obtenção da Licença para Dirigir

“…A relação entre ansiedade e desempenho tem sido alvo de investigação nas mais diversas áreas de estudo e de intervenção em atividades humanas sendo avaliadas com provas e testes, como no esporte (Mottaghi, Atarodi, & Rohani, 2013;Silva, & Sponda, 2009;Sonoo, Limana, Gomes, Damasceno, & Silva, 2010), em processo seletivo para empregos (Hausknecht, Day, & Thomas, 2004;McCarthy, & Goffin, 2005;Ryan, Ployhart, Greguras, & Schmit, 1998), em situações acadêmicas (Hettiarachchi, Fonseka, Gunasekara, Jayasinghe, & Maduranga, 2014;Rodrigues, & Pelisoli, 2008, Zhang & Henderson, 2014 e em habilidades musicais (Brugués, 2011;Studer, Danuser, Wild, Hildebrandt, & Gomez, 2014). Verifica-se também, na bibliografia da área da Psicologia, o desenvolvimento de testes específicos para a avaliação da ansiedade em situação de provas e testes (García-Fernández, Inglés, Marzo, & Martínez-Monteagudo, 2014;Proost, Derous, Schreurs, Hagtvet, & Witte, 2008) e de testes que avaliam a relação entre ansiedade e comportamento problemáticos no trânsito, como comportamentos agressivos e hostis exagerados, e desempenho deficitário em motoristas com PTSD (Clapp et al, 2014). No entanto, poucos estudos investigaram a relação entre ansiedade e o desempenho no dirigir (uma exceção é o estudo de Dula, Adams, Miesner, & Leonard, 2010) e entre ansiedade e o desempenho nos testes para a obtenção da CNH (exceções são os estudos de Fairclough, Tattersall, & Houston, 2006;Raad et al, 2008;Taylor, Deane, & Podd, 2007).…”

“…Estudos que incluem análises conceituais (Coêlho & Tourinho, 2008) e empíricas do fenômeno, como reações de medo, de fobia e de estresse pós-traumático (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder -PTSD), nos mais diversos contextos, têm sido publicados. Em casos de estresse pós-traumático de vítimas de acidentes automobilísticos, há uma variedade de estudos que analisam, por exemplo, características demográficas (Kupchik, Strous, Erez, Gonen, Weizman, & Spivak, 2007), instrumentos para avaliar as especificidades do transtorno e tipos de intervenção disponíveis (Beck & Coffey, 2007;Clapp, Baker, Litwack, Sloan, & Beck, 2014). Entretanto, a ansiedade clínica relacionada ao comportamento de dirigir de pessoas que não sofreram acidentes ou a ansiedade de motoristas em situação de avaliação para obtenção da Carteira Nacional de Habilitação (CNH) tem sido pouco avaliada.…”

Defensive Driving Behavior Cognitive Model Based on Agent Theory

“…Cognitive model has surpassed the behavior model, and it determines what the virtual human knows, how to acquire knowledge, how to use knowledge to carry out the action plan (Clapp, Baker and Litwack, 2014).…”

“…Research on the traffic accidents over the past few years shows that:Most of the accidents were caused by illegal driving and other behaviors ageist the norms, or by incorrect decisions (Peng, 2013). These behaviors could only be trained through video or case study as classroom training in the past training, which was difficult to achieve the actual effect (Shimosaka, Nishi, Sato and Kataoka, 2015;Efrat and Shoham, 2013;Clapp, Baker and Litwack, 2014;Karl, Berg, Rüger and Färber, 2013). For this purpose, we carried on thorough investigation and research on the traffic behavior, and developed the driving behavior cognitive model based on agent theory.…”