Prophylactic Administration of Fucoidan Represses Cancer Metastasis by Inhibiting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) in Lewis Tumor-Bearing Mice

Abstract

Fucoidan, a heparin-like sulfated polysaccharide, is rich in brown algae. It has a wide assortment of protective activities against cancer, for example, induction of hepatocellular carcinoma senescence, induction of human breast and colon carcinoma apoptosis, and impediment of lung cancer cells migration and invasion. However, the anti-metastatic mechanism that fucoidan exploits remains elusive. In this report, we explored the effects of fucoidan on cachectic symptoms, tumor development, lung carcinoma cell spreading and proliferation, as well as expression of metastasis-associated proteins in the Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells-inoculated mice model. We discovered that administration of fucoidan has prophylactic effects on mitigation of cachectic body weight loss and improvement of lung masses in tumor-inoculated mice. These desired effects are attributed to inhibition of LLC spreading and proliferation in lung tissues. Fucoidan also down-regulates expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Moreover, the tumor-bearing mice supplemented with fucoidan indeed benefit from an ensemble of the chemo-phylacticity. The fact is that fucoidan significantly decreases viability, migration, invasion, and MMPs activities of LLC cells. In summary, fucoidan is suitable to act as a chemo-preventative agent for minimizing cachectic symptoms as well as inhibiting lung carcinoma metastasis through down-regulating metastatic factors VEGF and MMPs.

Seaweeds in Human Health

“…These fucoidan-regulated signaling pathways could potentially modulate invasion during the metastasis of invasive human lung cancer cells . Moreover, fucoidan appears to act as a chemopreventive agent for minimizing cachectic symptoms as well as inhibiting lung carcinoma metastasis through downregulating metastatic factors VEGF and MMPs (Huang et al, 2015). The authors further document an impaired cell migration and invasion by MMP-9 metalloproteinase inhibition.…”

Andrographolide suppresses proliferation of human colon cancer SW620 cells through the TLR4/NF-κB/MMP-9 signaling pathway

“…The metastasis and infiltration of cancer are associated with various factors. Proteases secreted by cancer, including matrix metalloproteinases, (MMPs) have important roles (3).…”

Paris polyphylla extract inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis in A549 lung cancer cells

“…In effect, PPE may contain active principles that regulate the gene which inhibits cancer cell mitosis, thereby inhibiting the growth of tumor cells. P21 ras cancer gene is involved in transmission of intracellular information which regulates the cell cycle, and it is the "initiation factor" in the occurrence of tumors [10][11][12][13].The expression of p21 ras antigen was also significantly decreased in the PPE-treated A549 cells, in a time-and concentration-dependent manner, when compared with untreated controls. Again, this is an indication that most of the cancer cells were in the S phase of the cell proliferation cycle.…”