Prophylactic management of children at risk for recurrent upper respiratory infections: the Preventia I Study

Grimfeld, A; Holgate, Stephen T.; Canonica, Giorgio Walter; Бонини, С.; Borres, Magnus P.; Adam, Dieter; González, Carlos Canseco; P, Lobatón; Patel, Prashant; Szczeklik, Andrzej; Danzig, Melvyn R.; Roman, I J; Bismut, Hervé; Czarlewski, W.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.02098.x

Cited by 35 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In the prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Preventia I study conducted over 12 months in 412 children who had experienced at least five episodes of upper respiratory tract infections, and no more than two episodes of wheezing during the previous 12 months, aged 12-30 months at enrollment, loratadine 5 mg/day (2.5 mg/day for children aged 24 ≤ months) was found to have a similar safety profile to that of placebo, confirming the long-term safety of loratadine in infants [47]. An intentional ingestion of 300 mg loratadine by a 6 years old child was reported without serious adverse effects showing loratadine to have a wide therapeutic index [48].…”

Section: Loratadinesupporting

confidence: 72%

New Oral Antihistamines in Pediatrics and Safety of Antihistamines in Children

Öneş¹,

Tamay

2005

CMCAIAA

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H1 antihistamines are first line drugs in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria and widely used in children as well as in adults. Although first-generation antihistamines are effective in relieving allergic symptoms, they are not preferred because of their sedative side effects. The earliest "second generation" antihistamines, terfenadine and astemizole, non-sedating alternatives to the first generation counterparts are not commonly used due to their potential arythmogenic effects. The newer second-generation antihistamines such as loratadine, fexofenadine, mizolastine, ebastine, cetirizine, levocetirizine and desloratadine have been shown to be efficacious and well tolerated with additional anti-inflammatory effects and lacking cardiotoxic potential activity in adults. The early treatment of atopic children study, the long term clinical trial with cetirizine of infants with atopic dermatitis demonstrated that cetirizine delayed the onset of asthma in patients sensitized to grass pollen or house dust mite; and also reduced the duration and the amount of topical steroids used in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. In the Preventia I study, which was designed to evaluate the efficacy of loratadine in reducing the number of respiratory infections in young children at risk of recurrent infections, loratadine was not found to be significantly different from placebo. Both drugs were found to have a similar safety profile to that of placebo confirming their long-term use in infants and children. Pediatric formulation of desloratadine, which has favorable effect on nasal congestion, is marketed worldwide now. The effectiveness of new antihistamines in the treatment of urticaria in pediatric age group is based on extrapolation of adult studies performed in this area. Further studies with new antihistamines are needed for their evidence-based use in children with urticaria and atopic dermatitis.

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Section: Loratadinesupporting

confidence: 72%

New Oral Antihistamines in Pediatrics and Safety of Antihistamines in Children

Öneş¹,

Tamay

2005

CMCAIAA

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“…Cetirizine, fexofenadine and levocetirizine are not metabolized to any extent. Moreover, while many second-generation H 1 -antihistamines are effective and safe in the treatment of allergic rhinitis in children, only cetirizine, levocetirizine and loratadine have been studied for long-term efficacy and safety in children (2230)(2231)(2232).…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) 2008*

Bousquet¹,

Khaltaev²,

Cruz³

et al. 2008

Allergy

Self Cite

3,867

1,761

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“…These include randomized, controlled, masked studies of 6 to 12 months' duration with desloratadine, fexofenadine, and levocetirizine in adults, and of 12 to 18 months' duration with cetirizine, levocetirizine, and loratadine in very young children [20,21,46-48]. …”

Section: Adverse Effects Of H1 Antihistaminesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The long-term safety profiles of cetirizine, levocetirizine, and loratadine are similar to placebo, as confirmed in randomized, masked, controlled trials in young children aged 12 to 36 months. Studies of all 3 medications involved monitoring of adverse event reports, body mass and height measurements, blood hematology and chemistry tests, and for some of them, electrocardiograms, monitoring of developmental milestones and behavior, and objective tests of intellectual performance [46-48]. …”

Section: Adverse Effects Of H1 Antihistaminesmentioning

confidence: 99%

H1 Antihistamines: Current Status and Future Directions

Simon

Simons

2008

World Allergy Organization Journal

102

107

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In this review, we compare and contrast the clinical pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of first-generation H1 antihistamines and second-generation H1 antihistamines. First-generation H1 antihistamines cross the blood-brain barrier, and in usual doses, they potentially cause sedation and impair cognitive function and psychomotor performance. These medications, some of which have been in use for more than 6 decades, have never been optimally investigated. Second-generation H1 antihistamines such as cetirizine, desloratadine, fexofenadine, levocetirizine, and loratadine cross the blood-brain barrier to a significantly smaller extent than their predecessors. The clinical pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of these medications have been extensively studied. They are therefore the H1 antihistamines of choice in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and urticaria. In the future, clinically advantageous H1 antihistamines developed with the aid of molecular techniques might be available.

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Prophylactic management of children at risk for recurrent upper respiratory infections: the Preventia I Study

Cited by 35 publications

References 34 publications

New Oral Antihistamines in Pediatrics and Safety of Antihistamines in Children

New Oral Antihistamines in Pediatrics and Safety of Antihistamines in Children

Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) 2008*

H1 Antihistamines: Current Status and Future Directions

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