Prosopis juliflora: Phytochemical, Toxicological, and Allelochemicals

Locusts are major intermittent threats to food security and the ecological factors determining where and when these occur remain poorly understood. For many herbivores, obtaining adequate protein from plants is a key challenge. We tested how the dietary protein : non-structural carbohydrate ratio (p : c) affects the developmental and physiological performance of 4th-5th instar nymphs of the South American locust, Schistocerca cancellata, which has recently resurged in Argentina, Bolivia and Paraguay. Field marching locusts preferred to feed on high carbohydrate foods. Field-collected juveniles transferred to the laboratory selected artificial diets or local plants with low p : c. On single artificial diets, survival rate increased as foods became more carbohydrate-biased. On single local plants, growth only occurred on the plant with the lowest p : c. Most local plants had p : c ratios substantially higher than optimal, demonstrating that field marching locusts must search for adequate carbohydrate or their survival and growth will be carbohydrate-limited. Total body lipids increased as dietary p : c decreased on both artificial and plant diets, and the low lipid contents of field-collected nymphs suggest that obtaining adequate carbohydrate may pose a strong limitation on migration for S. cancellata . Anthropogenic influences such as conversions of forests to pastures, may increase carbohydrate availability and promote outbreaks and migration of some locusts.

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“…Prosopis sp. are known to be defended by piperidine alkaloids and shikimic acid metabolites [45]. Celtis sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant carbohydrate content limits performance and lipid accumulation of an outbreaking herbivore

et al. 2020

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“…Therefore, it is essential to explore how P. juliflora can be used in different ways that can help the local communities. For example, P. juliflora may be used as a source of fuel, fodder, medicine, or honey [ 85 , 86 ]. However, its negative impacts still prevail.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silvicultural Practices for Diversity Conservation and Invasive Species Suppression in Forest Ecosystems of the Bundala National Park, Sri Lanka

Suraweera,

Gallo,

Vacek

et al. 2023

Plants

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Forest ecosystems in Sri Lanka are under pressure from intensive human activity and climate change. Invasive species are one of the greatest threats to autochthonous species and ecosystems. In Bundala National Park of Sri Lanka, there are efforts to control and limit the spreading of unwanted invasive Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. and Opuntia dillenii (Ker-Gawl.) Haw., which poses a significant risk to natural ecosystem conservation. Nine different treatment variants (four replications) were used to test which management approach provides the control of Prosopis juliflora. This research is based on nine repeated measurements from 2017 to 2021 on 36 permanent research plots (each 625 m2) with 27 observed plant species and a total of 90,651 recorded plant individuals. The results confirmed that the dynamics of species richness, heterogeneity, and evenness showed significant differences between treatments during the five years of dynamics. The lowest species diversity was found in the control variant, followed by treatments based on the hard pruning and thinning of Prosopis juliflora trees. In contrast, strategies emphasizing the complete uprooting of Prosopis juliflora trees, replanting, and support of the natural regeneration of native species showed high species diversity and a high overall number of plant species. Generally, treatments had a significant effect on species diversity and the number of individuals of Prosopis juliflora, while changes in the overall number of plant species were more affected by time and succession. Silvicultural treatments including pruning, uprooting, and thinning have proven to be essential tools for nature conservation across various sites, aimed at enhancing habitat diversity in the face of ongoing climate change.

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“…Members of Prosopis spp. have been used with different purposes such as; wood as a source of fuel; the pods as a source of carbohydrates and protein for livestock and human populations, and the leaves, seeds, and gum as a medicinal source [12][13][14]. Ecologically, Prosopis spp.…”

Section: Characteristics Features Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For humans, it is used as a revegetation species [27], as a source of wood for fuel and construction [28] and the pods are used as cattle food [29]. In the countries where P. juliflora is introduced, it can become an insidious species [16,17] due to the allelochemicals present in the different tissues that can change the native ecosystem structure [14]. In traditional medicine, the leaves and bark have been employed to treat cold, sore throat, inflammation, digestive problems, skincare and wound healing [30][31][32] antibacterial [35][36][37], antifungal [30,38], antimites [39], and herbicidal [40] activities.…”

Section: Prosopis Julifloramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In traditional medicine, the leaves and bark have been employed to treat cold, sore throat, inflammation, digestive problems, skincare and wound healing [30][31][32] antibacterial [35][36][37], antifungal [30,38], antimites [39], and herbicidal [40] activities. Also, the pharmacological properties of its extracts, alkaloid fractions and compounds have been extensively reviewed [13,14,[41][42][43].…”

Section: Prosopis Julifloramentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Potential of Piperidine Alkaloids-rich Extracts from Prosopis spp. to Combat Plant Pests and Diseases

Muro-Medina

García-Morales

Caltempa

et al. 2022

IJBcRR

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The genus Prosopis comprises 44 species of spiny small trees adapted to arid and semiarid regions of the planet that have been used by human populations as a source of wood, food and medicine. Prosopis spp. possess high quantities of phenolic compounds and piperidine alkaloids with antioxidant, neurotoxic, antimicrobial, antimalarial, insecticidal and allelopathic activities. Juliprosopine is the major and more characterized piperidine alkaloid present in the genus Prosopis. In this review we present the potential of Prosopis spp. extracts and piperidine alkaloids for the control of plant pests and diseases and discuss the possibility of their use as an alternative in organic agriculture.

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Prosopis juliflora: Phytochemical, Toxicological, and Allelochemicals

Cited by 6 publications

References 88 publications

Plant carbohydrate content limits performance and lipid accumulation of an outbreaking herbivore

Plant carbohydrate content limits performance and lipid accumulation of an outbreaking herbivore

Silvicultural Practices for Diversity Conservation and Invasive Species Suppression in Forest Ecosystems of the Bundala National Park, Sri Lanka

The Potential of Piperidine Alkaloids-rich Extracts from Prosopis spp. to Combat Plant Pests and Diseases

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