Prospective and positive mental imagery deficits in dysphoria

Holmes, Emily A.; Lang, Tamara J.; Moulds, Michelle L.; Steele, Ann

doi:10.1016/j.brat.2008.04.009

Cited by 161 publications

(193 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Compared to non-dysphoric individuals, dysphoric individuals have been shown to use an observer perspective for positive memories to a greater extent [14], less vivid imagery of positive future events, and rate visual images as less positive [15]. The current findings, however, suggest that dysphoric individuals are not necessarily unable to imagine (positive) memories from a field perspective to the same extent as healthy individuals.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

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Feeling happy when feeling down: The effectiveness of positive mental imagery in dysphoria

Grol

Vanlessen

Raedt

2017

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

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Background and objectives. Mental imagery can evoke strong emotional responses, but imagery perspective can influence the response, with observer perspective reducing emotionality. This is important provided that positive imagery can be an effective mood repairing strategy in healthy individuals. However, (sub-clinical) depressed individuals tend to spontaneously adopt an observer perspective. We investigated whether positive imagery would result in a similar emotional response in dysphoric and non-dysphoric individuals when instructed and trained to use field perspective imagery. Additionally, we compared the emotional response in dysphoric individuals who received instructions to dysphoric individuals who received no instructions on processing mode during positive memory recall.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…Furthermore, dysphoria has been related to difficulties to vividly imagine positive future events and to lower positive ratings of visual images [15]. Depression is characterized by verbal processing of information in the form of rumination, which is in turn associated with reduced imagery and evaluative thinking about the self [e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeling happy when feeling down: The effectiveness of positive mental imagery in dysphoria

Grol

Vanlessen

Raedt

2017

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

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“…On the Prospective Imagery Test (PIT; Holmes, Lang, Moulds, & Steele, 2008), she rated the vividness with which she could imagine positive events in her future as “vague and dim” on average. She scored nearly at ceiling on a measure of negative interpretation bias, the Scrambled Sentences Test (SST; Rude et al., 2002).…”

Section: Case Illustrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brightening the Day With Flashes of Positive Mental Imagery: A Case Study of an Individual With Depression

Blackwell

Holmes

2017

J Clin Psychol

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This article presents a case example of an individual with current major depression engaging in a positive mental imagery intervention, specifically a computerized cognitive training paradigm involving repeated practice in generating positive imagery in response to ambiguous scenarios. The patient's reported experience of the intervention suggests the potential of the positive imagery intervention to “brighten” everyday life via promoting involuntary “flashes” of positive mental imagery in situations related to the scenarios, with associated beneficial effects on positive affect, future expectations, and behavior. Enhancing this aspect of the training–i.e., involuntary positive imagery in contexts where it is adaptive–may hold particular promise for reducing anhedonic symptoms of depression. Developing simple computerized interventions to increase the experience of positive mental imagery in everyday life could therefore provide a useful addition to the drive to improve treatment outcomes.

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“…Miranda and colleagues (2008; provided supporting evidence that a lack of positive future expectations was associated with depression but not generalized anxiety disorder. Holmes, Lang, Moulds, and Steel (2008) also found that a highly dysphoric group appeared to show less vivid positive prospective imagery than a low dysphoria group. In line with previous evidence regarding the relationship between prospective cognition and emotional well-being, research proposes that cognition with a future time perspective might influence cognitive bias information processing (see Demeyer & De Raedt, 2014 for a review).…”

Section: Effects Of Prospective Cognition On Cognitive Bias Modificatmentioning

confidence: 79%

How can we enhance cognitive bias modification techniques? The effects of prospective cognition

Lee

Mathews

Shergill

et al. 2015

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

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Results: Significant differences between enhanced and standard CBM-errors revealed that enhanced positive training was more effective at decreasing negative interpretations compared to the standard procedure.Limitations: Extending the current investigation to a sample dysphoria or depression is needed for an appropriate next step. Conclusion:The findings serve as 'a proof of principle' for the potential of prospective cognition to enhance the effects of CBM-errors and other similar CBM procedures. Further work to enhance the effectiveness of CBM procedures is needed.

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Prospective and positive mental imagery deficits in dysphoria

Cited by 161 publications

References 36 publications

Feeling happy when feeling down: The effectiveness of positive mental imagery in dysphoria

Feeling happy when feeling down: The effectiveness of positive mental imagery in dysphoria

Brightening the Day With Flashes of Positive Mental Imagery: A Case Study of an Individual With Depression

How can we enhance cognitive bias modification techniques? The effects of prospective cognition

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