Highlights d ASOs induce cleavage of nascent transcripts d ASO-mediated cleavage of nascent RNAs induces premature transcription termination d XRN2 is required for ASO-mediated premature transcription termination d Targeting the transcript 3 0 end with ASOs avoids premature transcription termination

Air frying is commonly used as a substitute for deep-fat frying. However, few studies have examined the effect of air frying on the formation of potential carcinogens in foodstuffs. This study aimed to investigate the formation of acrylamide and four types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in air-fried and deep-fat-fried chicken breasts, thighs, and wings thawed using different methods, i.e., by using a microwave or a refrigerator, or by water immersion. The acrylamide and PAHs were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. Deep-fat-fried chicken meat had higher acrylamide (n.d.–6.19 μg/kg) and total PAH (2.64–3.17 μg/kg) air-fried chicken meat (n.d.–3.49 μg/kg and 1.96–2.71 μg/kg). However, the thawing method did not significantly affect the formation of either acrylamide or PAHs. No significant differences in the acrylamide contents were observed among the chicken meat parts, however, the highest PAH contents were found in chicken wings. Thus, the results demonstrated that air frying could reduce the formation of acrylamide and PAHs in chicken meat in comparison with deep-fat frying.

Results: Significant differences between enhanced and standard CBM-errors revealed that enhanced positive training was more effective at decreasing negative interpretations compared to the standard procedure.Limitations: Extending the current investigation to a sample dysphoria or depression is needed for an appropriate next step. Conclusion:The findings serve as 'a proof of principle' for the potential of prospective cognition to enhance the effects of CBM-errors and other similar CBM procedures. Further work to enhance the effectiveness of CBM procedures is needed.

BackgroundEasy access to the internet has spawned a wealth of research to investigate the effects of its use on depression. However, one limitation of many previous studies is that they disregard the interactive mechanisms of risk and protective factors. The aim of the present study was to investigate a resilience model in the relationship between worry, daily internet video game playing, daily sleep duration, mentors, social networks and depression, using a moderated mediation analysis.Methods6068 Korean undergraduate and graduate students participated in this study. The participants completed a web-based mental health screening questionnaire including the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and information about number of worries, number of mentors, number of campus social networks, daily sleep duration, daily amount of internet video game playing and daily amount of internet searching on computer or smartphone. A moderated mediation analysis was carried out using the PROCESS macro which allowed the inclusion of mediators and moderator in the same model.ResultsThe results showed that the daily amount of internet video game playing and daily sleep duration partially mediated the association between the number of worries and the severity of depression. In addition, the mediating effect of the daily amount of internet video game playing was moderated by both the number of mentors and the number of campus social networks.ConclusionsThe current findings indicate that the negative impact of worry on depression through internet video game playing can be buffered when students seek to have a number of mentors and campus social networks. Interventions should therefore target individuals who have higher number of worries but seek only a few mentors or campus social networks. Social support via campus mentorship and social networks ameliorate the severity of depression in university students.

We describe abnormal dual bipolar resistive switching events in simple Pt/Ta 2 O 5Àx /TiO x N y and Pt/Ta 2 O 5Àx /TiN matrices in which the typical switching directions (SD) are initially clockwise (CW). The negative difference region in a high resistance state before reaching the typical "CW set" process enables the SD transition to a counterclockwise direction. It thereby emphasizes the occurrence of a highly stable secondary bipolar resistive switching curve. The origin of two different switching modes is described by adapting a bias-dependent oxygen ion accumulation and depletion process at TiO x N y and TiN electrode interfaces and by performing various structural analyses. V C 2013 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx.