Protecting spacecraft against orbital debris impact damage using composite materials

Schonberg, William P.

doi:10.1016/s1359-835x(00)00019-1

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The two-body interaction potential between atom pairs i and j with r = ͉r ij ͉ as the interatomic distance is 6 . ͑3͒…”

Section: B Interaction Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3 The studies help improve the armor performance in weapon systems 4,5 as well as the spacecraft shielding against meteoroid and orbital debris. [6][7][8] Ceramics are promising candidates for these applications because of their low density, high compressive strength, and high melting point to withstand low-velocity impact. In many weapon systems that require mobility, ceramic tiles have replaced the traditional metal armor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deformation mechanisms and damage in α-alumina under hypervelocity impact loading

Zhang

Kalia

Nakano

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Physics

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Deformation mechanisms in ␣-alumina under hypervelocity impact are investigated using molecular dynamics simulations containing 540ϫ 10 6 atoms. A cylindrical projectile impacting normal to the ͑0001͒ surface at 18 km/ s generates large temperature and pressure gradients around the impact face, and consequently local amorphization of the substrate in a surrounding hemispherical region is produced. Away from the impact face, a wide range of deformations emerge and disappear as a function of time under the influence of local stress fields, e.g., basal and pyramidal slips and basal and rhombohedral twins, all of which show good agreement with the experimental and theoretical results. New deformation modes are observed, such as twins along ͕0111͖, which propagate at a roughly constant speed of 8 km/ s and nucleate a large amount of defects where subsequent fractures initiate. The relation between deformation patterns and local stress levels is investigated. During unloading, we observe that microcracks nucleate extensively at the intersections of previous deformations within an hourglass-shaped volume that connects top and bottom free surfaces. From the simulation, the fracture toughness of alumina is estimated to be 2.0Ϯ 0.5 MPaͱ m. The substrate eventually fails along the surface of the hourglass region during spallation when clusters of substrate material are ejected from both free surfaces.

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“…The two-body interaction potential between atom pairs i and j with r = ͉r ij ͉ as the interatomic distance is 6 . ͑3͒…”

Section: B Interaction Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation mechanisms and damage in α-alumina under hypervelocity impact loading

Zhang

Kalia

Nakano

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…In addition, more detail on some of the approaches discussed by Schonberg, 2 in the form of multi-layered systems comprising central Al-2219-T87 pressure walls with a either a single or spaced-pair of outer Kevlar 49 (in some instances in an epoxy matrix), polyethylene fibre/epoxy, Al 6061-T6 or IM6/3501-6 graphite/epoxy bumpers, is set out in further work by the same author. 16 Multi-layer insulation (MLI) was also included in some cases. While primarily included for thermal control, MLI, which typically comprises alternate layers of reflective Kapton ® or Mylar separated by Polyethylene terephthalate cloths (e.g.…”

Section: Hypervelocity Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of structural composite materials. Part 2: hypervelocity impact and shock

Appleby-Thomas

Hazell

2012

The Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design

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The combination of high strength and low density has resulted in increasing use of composite materials in structures such as aerospace systems that may be subjected to high-velocity impact during their in-service lives. In this review we focus on recent work surrounding the response of composites, primarily carbon fibre reinforced plastic and glass fibre reinforced plastic-based laminates to very high (hyper)-velocity impacts. To this end, the review is divided into two halves. In the first, hypervelocity impacts (e.g. impacts with velocities greater than ca. 2 km/s) that are likely to be encountered by aerospace systems are considered; while in the second, resultant material behaviour – in the form of shock response – is discussed. This review is designed to (1) build on previous studies which have typically largely focused on high-velocity impacts from the perspective of spacecraft protection against on-orbit impact, and; (2) complement an earlier part which focused on the lower impact velocity regime associated with ballistic-loading (Part 1).

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“…This experimental investigation was conducted on an instrumented two-stage light-gas gun capable of launching 2.5-12.7mm projectiles at velocities of 2-8km/s. In 2000, Schonberg [150] reported that composites are most effective when used as the middle wall of a triple-wall system.…”

Section: Hyper Velocity Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of composite structures subjected to dynamic loading

Hampson

Moatamedi

2007

International Journal of Crashworthiness

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Protecting spacecraft against orbital debris impact damage using composite materials

Cited by 32 publications

References 20 publications

Deformation mechanisms and damage in α-alumina under hypervelocity impact loading

Deformation mechanisms and damage in α-alumina under hypervelocity impact loading

The impact of structural composite materials. Part 2: hypervelocity impact and shock

A review of composite structures subjected to dynamic loading

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