Protective Effects of Vitamins C and E Against γ-ray-induced Chromosomal Damage in Mouse

Sarma, Lakshmi; Kesavan, P.C.

doi:10.1080/09553009314552161

Cited by 112 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…It was reported previously that in vitro protection against radiation-induced micronucleus formation in human lymphocytes by vitamin C, vitamin E or β-carotene was more effective when antioxidants were added after the radiation exposure than before (17). An in vivo study showed that vitamin C or vitamin E was equally as effective in reducing γ-radiation-induced bone marrow micronucleus formation and chromosomal aberrations when given to mice 2 h before or after irradiation (44). These two studies evaluated the protective effects of antioxidant vitamins only at radiation doses of 1 and 2 Gy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Antioxidants Protect Hematopoietic Cells and Improve Animal Survival after Total-Body Irradiation

et al. 2008

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether a dietary supplement consisting of Lselenomethionine, vitamin C, vitamin E succinate, α-lipoic acid and N-acetyl cysteine could improve the survival of mice after total-body irradiation. Antioxidants significantly increased the 30-day survival of mice after exposure to a potentially lethal dose of X rays when given prior to or after animal irradiation. Pretreatment of animals with antioxidants resulted in significantly higher total white blood cell and neutrophil counts in peripheral blood at 4 and 24 h after 1 Gy and 8 Gy. Antioxidants were effective in preventing peripheral lymphopenia only after low-dose irradiation. Antioxidant supplementation was also associated with increased bone marrow cell counts after irradiation. Supplementation with antioxidants was associated with increased Bcl2 and decreased Bax, caspase 9 and TGF-β1 mRNA expression in the bone marrow after irradiation. Maintenance of the antioxidant diet was associated with improved recovery of the bone marrow after sublethal or potentially lethal irradiation. Taken together, oral supplementation with antioxidants appears to be an effective approach for radioprotection of hematopoietic cells and improvement of animal survival, and modulation of apoptosis is implicated as a mechanism for the radioprotection of the hematopoietic system by antioxidants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Antioxidants Protect Hematopoietic Cells and Improve Animal Survival after Total-Body Irradiation

et al. 2008

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“…Research has shown that vitamin E reduces radiation injury through its antioxidant effects (Sarma and Kesaven, 1993). Erol et al (2004) examined MDA levels and histopathological features in rats' brains subjected to gamma irradiation, and found that treatment after irradiation with vitamin E prevented neural tissue necrosis in radiation-damaged brain tissue.…”

Section: Vitamin Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Prophylactic effects of magnesium and vitamin E in rat spinal cord radiation damage: evaluation based on lipid peroxidation levels

et al. 2004

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“…16 Vitamin E therapy decreases the radiation injury by its antioxidant effects by preventing free radicals. 17 Walden et al 18 demonstrated the protective effects of Prostaglandin E2 in whole body irradiated rats. CAPE is an active component of propolis, which is a popular folk medicine in various countries possessing a broad spectrum of biological activities, including anticancer, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antibiotic, antifungal and antihepatotoxic effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on radiation induced lung injury in rats

Yildiz¹,

Soyuer²,

Saraymen³

et al. 2008

CIM

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Clin Invest Med 2008; 31 (5): E242-E247. AbstractPurpose: The prevention of radiation-induced pulmonary toxicity may help to improve radiation therapy in the cancer patient. The aim of this study was to investigate the pulmonary protective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), an antioxidant, on radiation-induced lung injury in rats. Methods:30 Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups and treated with saline, Radiation (RT) and RT + CAPE respectively. All rats were treated with CAPE (50 μmol/kg i.p.) or saline. The first dose of CAPE was injected 24 h before radiation and application continued daily, with radiation in second day and 2 days more after the radiation treatment. Radiation dose was 800 cGy for total body. At 72 hr after the last radiation application, under general anesthesia using ip ketamine, the lungs were removed immediately after decapitation. After sacrification, antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and malondiadehyde (MDA) levels were evaluated in lung tissue. Results: The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was higher in the RT group (233.4±1.5 nmol/g protein) than in both the control (131.8±0.92) and the RT + CAPE (151.4±1.8) groups (P < 0.001). However, CAT activity was decreased in the RT group (7.26±0.27 Umg protein) compared with control (8.49±0.51) and increased again in the RT + CAPE group (8.31±0.56; P<0.001). In accord with CAT activity, SOD activity in the RT group (0.42±0.07 nmolMDA/g wet tissue) was different from the control (0.78±0.02) and RT + CAPE (0.86±0.06) groups (P< 0.001). Conclusion: CAPE aplication with radiation therapy attenuated radiation induced pulmonary injury in vivo, possibly by its antioxidant effect.When radiation is absorbed by a biological material, free oxygen radicals are produced. The radicals are highly reactive molecules and, via chemical bonds that produce chemical changes, initiate a chain of events that result in biological damage. They can be produced either directly in the target molecule (usually DNA) or indirectly in other cellular molecules and they diffuse far enough to reach and damage critical targets. Most indirect effects occur by free radicals produced in water, since water makes up 70-80 % of mammalian cells. 1 In this way, chemotherapy and radiotherapy eliminate cancer cells, but their nonspecific targeting also destroys normal, healthy cells, particularly in epithelial tissues. Damage to the epithelium of the respiratory tract results in a pathologic condition known as pneumonitis . 2 Radiation (RT) is frequently used to treat tumors in and around the thorax. In these patients, RT-induced lung injury is common, occurring in 5% to 20% of patients with lung cancer. The incidence is somewhat less, 5% to 15%, for patients with tumors such as mediastinal lymphoma and breast cancer . 3 ORIGINAL RESEARCH

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Protective Effects of Vitamins C and E Against γ-ray-induced Chromosomal Damage in Mouse

Cited by 112 publications

References 20 publications

Dietary Antioxidants Protect Hematopoietic Cells and Improve Animal Survival after Total-Body Irradiation

Dietary Antioxidants Protect Hematopoietic Cells and Improve Animal Survival after Total-Body Irradiation

Prophylactic effects of magnesium and vitamin E in rat spinal cord radiation damage: evaluation based on lipid peroxidation levels

Protective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on radiation induced lung injury in rats

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