Protein Denaturation in Foam

The adsorption and unfolding kinetics determines the folding state of proteins at the air–water interface and thereby the equation of state

“…However, from studies performed with non-unfolding particles (such as Stöber silica particles [15], glass microspheres [16], gelled polymer microbeads [17], latex particles [18], and colloidal silver particles [19]) surface pressure-surface area relations are found that are remarkably similar to those typical for proteins. Another observed phenomenon that has been related to protein unfolding after adsorption is the increase in surface pressure at longer time-scales, while little or no increase in adsorbed amount is measured [2,7,20]. The above-mentioned articles illustrate the different phenomena that have been related to interfacial unfolding of proteins.…”

“…One of these processes is the possible unfolding of proteins at the interface [1][2][3]. That proteins may unfold at interfaces was hypothesized based on the observation that enzymes may loose their activity upon adsorption at the air-water interface [4,5].…”

Multidimensional analysis of denatured milk proteins by hydrophobic interaction chromatography coupled to a dynamic surface tension detector

“…The surface activity of proteins has been shown to vary with changes in these properties [14][15][16], e.g., by applying denaturing conditions (pH changes, temperature increase or chemical modification with denaturing agents) [17][18][19][20][21][22], by chemical modification (e.g., succynilation, disulfide reduction, enzymatic hydrolysis) [23], or by interaction with other compounds (e.g., sugars) [24].…”

High Efficiency Hydrodynamic DNA Fragmentation in a Bubbling System

“…In biotechnological processes, it has been found that exposure to a bubbling system can induce cell damage or protein denaturation232425. The bubbling process typically include three important processes: bubble formation, bubble movement, and bubble bursting.…”

“…Shear stresses are generated during the bubbling process, such as resulting from gas-liquid friction, drainage during bubble film change, and hydrodynamic forces during bubble bursting. The timescale for foam (bubble) formation and bursting is typically in the sub-millisecond range26, and the shear stress generated in the process of a bubble rising through liquid, foam draining and bubble bursting are respectively estimated to be in the range of 10 0 , 10 -1 and 10 3  N/m 2 assuming air bubble diameter of 0.5 cm and a film thickness of 10 μm in pure water at room temperature25. These shear stresses would act on the molecules in the system and affect their behavior.…”