Proteomics to identify resistance factors in corn-a review

Abstract

The host resistance strategy for eliminating aflatoxins from corn has been advanced by the discovery of natural resistance traits such as proteins. This progress was aided by the development of a rapid laboratory-based kernel screening assay (KSA) used to separate resistant from susceptible seed, and for investigating kernel resistance.A. flavus GUS transformants have also been used, in conjunction with the KSA, to assess the amount of fungal growth in kernels and compare it with aflatoxin accumulation. Several proteins associated with resistance (RAPs) have been identified using 1 D PAGE. However, proteomics is now being used to further the discovery of RAPs. This methodology has led to the identification of stress-related RAPs as well as other antifungals. Characterization studies being conducted, including RNAi gene silencing experiments, may confirm roles for RAPs in host resistance.

Evaluation of African-Bred Maize Germplasm Lines for Resistance to Aflatoxin Accumulation

“…Laboratory-based KSA can be used as a pre-screening tool in a resistance-breeding program [3]. The SRRC also has the state-of-the-art proteomics technology that has been employed to identify and characterize kernel resistance-associated proteins (RAPs) [4,5]. In 1998, these mutually beneficial strengths of the two institutions prompted a formal research collaboration that brought together complementary research efforts on elimination of aflatoxin contamination in maize [1].…”

Advances in molecular and genomic research to safeguard food and feed supply from aflatoxin contamination

“…Although classical breeding is a proven approach to develop resistance, it is slow and is hampered by the lack of available resistance genes in germplasm in some susceptible crops. Several maize lines have been identified and developed with increased resistance to A. flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination and this has enabled the identification of natural resistance traits (Brown et al, 2004(Brown et al, , 2006(Brown et al, , 2010Campbell and White, 1995). However, these investigations have indicated that resistance to aflatoxin contamination is polygenic.…”

The Use of Proteomics as a Novel Tool in Aflatoxin Research

“…One of the methods contributing to the development of host resistance is a kernel screening assay, which shows some advantages compared to traditional breeding methods. Brown et al, 2006 have reviewed efforts and methods dealing with resistance in corn. Using proteome analysis and subtractive approaches several proteins associated with resistance could be identified and characterised.…”