Prototyping of Hexagonal Light Concentrators for the Large-Sized Telescopes of the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Okumura, A.; Ono, S.; Tanaka, S.; Hayashida, M.; Yoshida, Tatsuo

doi:10.22323/1.236.0952

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In addition to conventional Winston cone designs, light concentrators with Bézier curve surfaces (hereafter Okumura cones [10]) can be modeled and simulated by ROBAST. The LST camera comprising 1855 photomultiplier tubes will also use hexagonal light concentrators to increase the active area and reduce the stray light background [13]. The design of the LST light concentrator is based on an Okumura cone, but its design has been optimized with position and incidence angle dependence of anode sensitivity being considered.…”

Section: The Cherenkov Telescope Array and Robast Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ROBAST: Development of a Non-sequential Ray-tracing Simulation Library and its Applications in the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Okumura¹,

Noda²,

Rulten³

2016

Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2015)

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We have developed a non-sequential ray-tracing simulation library, ROot-BAsed Simulator for ray Tracing (ROBAST), which is aimed for wide use in optical simulations of cosmicray (CR) and gamma-ray telescopes. The library is written in C++ and fully utilizes the geometry library of the ROOT analysis framework. Despite the importance of optics simulations in CR experiments, no open-source software for ray-tracing simulations that can be widely used existed. To reduce the unnecessary effort demanded when different research groups develop multiple raytracing simulators, we have successfully used ROBAST for many years to perform optics simulations for the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). Among the proposed telescope designs for CTA, ROBAST is currently being used for three telescopes: a Schwarzschild-Couder telescope, one of the Schwarzschild-Couder small-sized telescopes, and a large-sized telescope (LST). ROBAST is also used for the simulations and the development of hexagonal light concentrators that has been proposed for the LST focal plane. By fully utilizing the ROOT geometry library with additional ROBAST classes, building complex optics geometries that are typically used in CR experiments and ground-based gamma-ray telescopes is possible. We introduce ROBAST and show several successful applications for CTA.

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Section: The Cherenkov Telescope Array and Robast Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ROBAST: Development of a Non-sequential Ray-tracing Simulation Library and its Applications in the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Okumura¹,

Noda²,

Rulten³

2016

Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2015)

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“…In addition, we continue to research the possibility of using Silicon photomultipliers [3] in future versions of the LST cameras. For maximum light throughput each photosensor is equipped with an optical light concentrator, optimized for the field of view and geometry of the photosensor [5]. The Camera has a total field of view of about 4.5 • and has been designed for maximum compactness and lowest weight, cost and power consumption while keeping optimal performance at low energies.…”

Section: Cameramentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Large Size Telescopes

Cortina¹,

Teshima²

2016

Proceedings of the 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2015)

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and the LST team for the CTA consortium † The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) observatory, will be deployed over two sites in the two hemispheres. Both sites will be equipped with four Large Size Telescopes (LSTs), which are crucial to achieve the science goals of CTA in the 20-200 GeV energy range. Each LST is equipped with a primary tessellated mirror dish of 23 m diameter, supported by a structure made mainly of carbon fibre reinforced plastic tubes and aluminum joints. This solution guarantees light weight (around 100 tons), essential for fast repositioning to any position in the sky in <20 seconds. The camera is composed of 1855 PMTs and embeds the control, readout and trigger electronics. The detailed design is now complete and production of the first LST, which will serve as a prototype for the remaining seven, is well underway. In 2016 the first LST will be installed at the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory on the Canary island of La Palma (Spain). In this talk we will outline the technical solutions adopted to fulfill the design requirements, present results of element prototyping and describe the installation and operation plans.

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“…Nonsequential ray tracing is often used to model complex optical systems in which, scattering and reflection are dominant light‐matter interactions. The reasoning behind this, is that the order of multiple reflections and refraction cannot be specified uniquely …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First generation of translucent monoliths for photochemical applications

Jacobs

Kayahan

Thomassen

et al. 2020

J Adv Manuf & Process

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Monolith structures are a common method to scale flow chemistry tools up to industrial throughput. Internally illuminated monolith reactors (IIMRs) were their versions for photochemistry. The channels inside the monolith were illuminated with optical fibers coated with a photocatalyst such as TiO 2 . The majority of the light in an IIMR was however not utilized to illuminate the reaction medium. Furthermore, the monolith was always made of opaque materials, making it impossible for unabsorbed light to illuminate other channels, lowering the photochemical space-time yield (PSTY), a benchmark for the overall energy efficiency of a photoreactor. In this paper, the potential of a translucent monolith structure for scalable photochemical process design was tested. Due to the translucent nature of the monolith, there was no need for optical fibers or multiple light sources to provide the necessary photon flux and distribution. There has never been a study of translucent monoliths in the open literature and no design parameters have been investigated. This research studies the first translucent monoliths and their design principles by varying the channel size, channel distance as well as the amount of unit cells with a ray tracing algorithm in COMSOL Multiphysics. A model was developed, validated and used to design a monolith for the photodegradation of micropollutants in a case study. A theoretical improvement of seven orders of magnitude in PSTY was obtained compared to IIMRs making this reactor design a promising candidate for more efficient photochemical processes. K E Y W O R D Sadditive manufacturing, COMSOL multiphysics, modeling and simulation, process intensification, ray tracing, translucent monolith

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Prototyping of Hexagonal Light Concentrators for the Large-Sized Telescopes of the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

ROBAST: Development of a Non-sequential Ray-tracing Simulation Library and its Applications in the Cherenkov Telescope Array

ROBAST: Development of a Non-sequential Ray-tracing Simulation Library and its Applications in the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Status of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Large Size Telescopes

First generation of translucent monoliths for photochemical applications

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