Provas de nomeação e imitação como instrumentos de diagnóstico do transtorno fonológico

Abstract

Background: phonological disorder. Aim: to verify the association between the phonological performance in picture naming and imitation tasks, assessing the occurrence of phonological processes and using the severity indexes of Percentage of Correct Consonants and Phonological Density Index. Method: participants of this research were 50 phonologically disordered children, with no history of prior speech-language therapy and with ages between 4:0 and 12 years. Results: The analysis of the phonological processes indicated that the non-productive processes were more frequent than the productive ones, not only in the imitation task but also in the picture naming task. It was observed that in both tasks, most participants presented the phonological processes of cluster reduction, liquid simplification and final consonant deletion, independently of their productivity. When comparing both tasks, there was an association and agreement regarding the number of participants who presented phonological processes as well as a correlation regarding the total number of phonological processes; there was no evidence of differences concerning the averages of the phonological processes observed in the imitation and picture naming tasks; a negative correlation was observed between the severity indexes Percentage of Correct Consonants and Phonological Density Index; moreover, these values presented a strong correlation in both tests, indicating that they detect similar severity levels. Conclusion: the study verified an association and agreement between the picture naming and imitation tasks, not only for the number of participants who presented phonological processes, but also for the number of phonological processes, thus indicating the importance of using structured tests for the diagnosis of phonological disorder. Furthermore, for the severity indexes, Percentage of Correct Consonants and Phonological Density Index, a high correlation was observed between the tasks, indicating that both tasks are useful instruments in detecting phonological disorder. Key Words: Articulation Disorders; Speech Articulation Tests; Severity of Illness Index. ResumoTema: transtorno fonológico. Objetivo: verificar a associação entre o desempenho fonológico nas provas de nomeação e de imitação medido pela ocorrência dos processos fonológicos e pelos índices de gravidade Porcentagem de Consoantes Corretas e Densidade de Processos Fonológicos. Método: participaram da pesquisa 50 crianças com diagnóstico de transtorno fonológico sem terapia fonoaudiológica prévia e com idade entre 4:0 e 12 anos. Resultados: A análise dos processos fonológicos evidenciou que os não-produtivos foram registrados em maior número do que os processos produtivos tanto na prova de nomeação quanto de imitação. Observou-se que em ambas as provas, mais sujeitos apresentaram os processos simplificação do encontro consonantal, simplificação de líquidas e eliminação da consoante final, independentemente da produtividade. Na comparação das duas provas houve associação e concordânci...

Habilidades fonológicas em crianças com gagueira

“…highlight the gliding of liquids phonemes, cluster reduction and final consonant deletion , which are also highlighted in other studies [18][19][20][21] . These processes have a higher prevalence in children with disorders in phonological abilities.…”

“…Studies that investigated the abilities and disorders of language in children, who stutter, indicated that this group compared with those who do not stutter, had presented lower scores on several indices of receptive and expressive language [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] .…”

Aplicação de medidas de gravidade e de inconsistência de fala em crianças com transtorno fonológico

“…Data from this study showed that in G2 there was a greater number of children classified as inconsistent, suggesting a probable involvement of phonological programming, resulting in *Significant values (p<0.05) -Spearman correlation coefficient Note: # Naming = picture naming task; ## Imitation = imitation of words; PCC-R = percentage of consonants correct revised; PDI = phonological density index; RSI = relative substitution index; ROI = relative omission index; RDI = relative distortion index; SII = speech inconsistency index a difficulty cognitive-linguistic representation of phonological rules of the language (15) . Is worth mentioning that the comparison between the evidence of imitation and naming tasks indicated no differences for the indices studied, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the application of these indices in any speech sample (29) . The correlations between the scores on both tests also suggest that these indicators remained an association of values in both tests.…”

Comparação entre onset e coda silábica durante a aquisição fonológica

“…Esta diferença entre o fonema nas duas posições dentro da sílaba foi observada em um estudo anterior (25) . Crianças com transtorno fonológico apresentam como processos mais ocorrentes a simplificação de líquida e a simplificação da consoante final (26)(27) . Este dado encontrado sobre crianças em desenvolvimento fonológico típico ajuda no tratamento de crianças com transtorno fonológico visto que, em alguns estudos, opta-se por iniciar o trabalho terapêutico com sons mais complexos do sistema fonológico das crianças para que se atinja um efeito maior de generalização (28)(29)(30) .…”