Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Swimming Pool Water: Evidences and Perspectives for a New Control Strategy

Guida, Marco; Onofrio, Valeria Di; Gallé, Francesca; Gesuele, Renato; Valeriani, Federica; Liguori, Renato; Spica, Vincenzo Romano; Liguori, Giorgio

doi:10.3390/ijerph13090919

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Pseudomonas sp., Legionella sp., Cryptosporidium sp. may pose a risk to health of both swimmers and swimming pool technical personnel [28][29][30]. This is one of the reasons why new generation beds are becoming more and more popular, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of the Filtration Bed type in the Pool Water Treatment System on Washings Quality

Wyczarska-Kokot

Lempart

2019

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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This paper presents the influence of the type of filtration beds, used in swimming pool water treatment systems, on the quality and the possibility of reuse of washings. The research covered 4 pool cycles with sand, sand and anthracite, glass and diatomaceous beds. The degree of contamination of washings was assessed on the basis of physical, chemical and bacteriological tests. The possibility of washings drainage into the natural environment was considered, and the results of the research were compared with the permissible values of pollution indicators for wastewater discharged to water or ground. A direct management of washings from the analysed filters proved impossible mainly due to the high content of TSS (total suspended solids) and free chlorine. Washings were subjected to sedimentation and then the supernatant was stirred intensively. As a result of these processes, the quality of washings was significantly improved. This allowed planning to supplement the pool water installations with systems for washings management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of the Filtration Bed type in the Pool Water Treatment System on Washings Quality

Wyczarska-Kokot

Lempart

2019

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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“…Several alternative water treatments were considered to assure the original properties and composition of the water, reducing the adverse effects on bathers and environments, to the final aim of offering sustainable solutions for spa waters in pools [60][61][62]. This challenging objective shares principles and problems also with the management of other kinds of waters, so that a success in this field can impact in other areas of water hygiene and conversely.…”

Section: The Question About "Identity" and "Untouchability" Of Spa Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recreational Use of SPA Thermal Waters: Criticisms and Perspectives for Innovative Treatments

Valeriani¹,

Margarucci²,

Spica³

2018

Preprint

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Natural spa springs are diffused all over the world and their use in pools is known since ancient times. This review underlines the cultural and social spa context focusing on hygiene issues, public health guidelines and emerging concerns regarding water management in wellness or recreational settings. The question of the "untouchability" of therapeutic natural waters and their incompatibility with traditional disinfection processes is addressed considering the demand for effective treatments that would respect the natural properties. Available strategies and innovative treatments are reviewed, highlighting potentials and limits for a sustainable management. Alternative approaches comprise nanotechnologies, photocatalysis systems, advanced filtration. State of the art and promising perspectives are reported considering the chemical-physical component and the biological natural complexity of the spa water microbiota.

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“…While hot-foot syndrome is generally self-clearing, this type of infection is a potentially important public health hazard. Several studies have looked at the prevalence of P. aeruginosa isolates in public swimming pools, with some studies finding contamination in up to 60% of pools tested (23,24). P. aeruginosa also causes intra-abdominal infections, wound infections, and hot tub folliculitis (2-4).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Type III Secretion Effectors and of Phenoxyacetamide Inhibitors of Type III Secretion on Abscess Formation in a Mouse Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection

Berube

Murphy

Torhan

et al. 2017

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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is a leading cause of intra-abdominal infections, wound infections, and community-acquired folliculitis, each of which may involve macro- or microabscess formation. The rising incidence of multidrug resistance among isolates has increased both the economic burden and the morbidity and mortality associated with disease and necessitates a search for novel therapeutics. Previous work from our group detailed novel phenoxyacetamide inhibitors that block type III secretion and injection into host cells In this study, we used a mouse model of abscess formation to test the efficacy of these compounds against the type III secretion system (T3SS). Bacteria used the T3SS to intoxicate infiltrating neutrophils to establish abscesses. Despite this antagonism, sufficient numbers of functioning neutrophils remained for proper containment of the abscesses, as neutrophil depletion resulted in an increased abscess size, the formation of dermonecrotic lesions on the skin, and the dissemination of to internal organs. Consistent with the specificity of the T3SS-neutrophil interaction, bacteria lacking a functional T3SS were fully capable of causing abscesses in a neutropenic host. Phenoxyacetamide inhibitors attenuated abscess formation and aided in the immune clearance of the bacteria. Finally, a strain resistant to the phenoxyacetamide compound was fully capable of causing abscess formation even in the presence of the T3SS inhibitors. Together, our results further define the role of type III secretion in murine abscess formation and demonstrate the efficacy of phenoxyacetamide inhibitors in infection.

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Swimming Pool Water: Evidences and Perspectives for a New Control Strategy

Cited by 29 publications

References 15 publications

The Influence of the Filtration Bed type in the Pool Water Treatment System on Washings Quality

The Influence of the Filtration Bed type in the Pool Water Treatment System on Washings Quality

Recreational Use of SPA Thermal Waters: Criticisms and Perspectives for Innovative Treatments

Impact of Type III Secretion Effectors and of Phenoxyacetamide Inhibitors of Type III Secretion on Abscess Formation in a Mouse Model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection

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