Psychometric properties of the Urdu version of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and oral health‐related quality of life in the elder Pakistani population

Abstract

Objective:The study aimed to translate the English version of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index, assess its reliability and validity, and demonstrate its psychometric properties with regard to OHRQoL in the elder Pakistani population. Material and methods:In this cross-sectional study, 408 elder people were randomly recruited from three day-care centres. In the translation process, the translated Urdu version was reviewed by a committee of experts, followed by back-translation into English and re-reviewed by the same committee of experts. The questionnaire sought information about socio-demographic characteristics information and selfperception of oral, general health and treatment needs. OHRQoL was examined using GOHAI-U, and intraoral examination recorded the decayed, missing, and filled teeth.Reliability, internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validity of GOHAI-U were examined. Results:The mean GOHAI-U score was 40.2 (SD = 5.7, range = 20-55). The Cronbach's alpha for GOHAI score was 0.71, item-scale correlation coefficients ranged from 0.63 to 0.76, and test-retest correlation ranged from 0.59 to 0.74. Three factors supported the theoretical construction in the component factor analysis of the index. For convergent validity, there was a significant relationship between the GOHAI score and self-perceived oral, general health and treatment needs (P < .05).For discriminant validity, a significant correlation was found between the GOHAI score and clinical measures of dental health status except with the carious teeth. Conclusion:The GOHAI-U has sufficient reliability and constructs validity to be used as an efficient measure of oral health-related quality of life in the Pakistani elder population.

The severity of facial burns, dental caries, periodontal disease, and oral hygiene impact oral health-related quality of life of burns victims in Pakistan: a cross-sectional study

“…About 94% of the participants had at least one oral health-related quality of life domain impacted. The prevalence of impact is the highest ever reported based on the definition of impact used in this study; in contrast to 16%, 18%, 19%, and 31% for the general population of England and Australia [45], and dentate and edentulous people, respectively [33,50]. Although a higher prevalence of impact at 91% has been reported previously using the same instrument, such as in the homeless people and patients with the temporomandibular joint disorder, the definition adopted in these studies is less commonly, whereby an impact includes the responses occasional, often and very often (score ≥ 2) [32,51]; hence, not directly comparable with the current finding.…”

The mediating effect of social support on the association between socioeconomic status and self-reported oral health status among the migrant elderly following children in Weifang, China: a cross-sectional study

“…GOHAI scale is a general oral health assessment index, proposed in 1990 by Atchison and Dolan [ 51 ]. The main application of the scale is for the elderly and had been translated into Chinese [ 52 , 53 ], French [ 54 ], Urdu [ 55 ] and other languages [ 56 ]. GOHAI contains three dimensions: physiological function, psychosocial function, pain and discomfort, and had good reliability and validity in Chinese population [ 52 ].…”

“…GOHAI contains three dimensions: physiological function, psychosocial function, pain and discomfort, and had good reliability and validity in Chinese population [52]. The total GOHAI score was used to classify the oral health of the elderly into three levels: high (57-60), medium (51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56), and low (≤ 50) [51,52]; the higher score of total GOHAI scale indicating the better of self-reported oral health status.…”

Impact of chronic oral mucosal disease onon the patients’ quality of life

“…Надійність і валідність цієї анкети підтверджено. Для забезпечення цілісності опитувальника COMDQ та отримання надійних даних у зв'язку з різницями у соціальних і культурних структурах різних спільнот, необхідно адаптувати ці інструменти до різних культур і мов [4,5].…”